Polymers
that integrate multiple functions into one system broaden
the application range of materials, but it remains a great challenge
to obtain polymer materials with simultaneously high strength, high
toughness, and high self-healing rate. In this work, we prepared waterborne
polyurethane (WPU) elastomers using Schiff bases containing disulfide
and acylhydrazone bonds (PD) as chain extenders. Acylhydrazone forming
a hydrogen bond not only acts as a physical cross-linking point, which
promotes the microphase separation of polyurethane to increase the
thermal stability, tensile strength, and toughness of the elastomer,
but also serves as a “clip” to integrate various dynamic
bonds together to synergistically reduce the activation energy of
the polymer chain movement and endow the molecular chain with faster
fluidity. Therefore, WPU-PD exhibits excellent mechanical properties
at room temperature, such as a tensile strength and a fracture energy
of 25.91 MPa and 121.66 kJ m–2, respectively, and
a high self-healing efficiency of 93.7% in a short time under moderate
heating conditions. In addition, the photoluminescence property of
WPU-PD enables us to track its self-healing process by monitoring
change of the fluorescence intensity at the cracks, which helps to
avoid the accumulation of cracks and improve the reliability of the
elastomer. This self-healing polyurethane has a great potential application
value in optical anticounterfeiting, flexible electronics devices,
functional automobile protective films, and so on.