Contemporary North American influenza H7 viruses possess human receptor specificity: Implications for virus transmissibility

Belser, Jessica A.; Blixt, Ola; Chen, Limei; Pappas, Claudia; Maines, Taronna R.; Hoeven, Neal Van; Donis, Ruben O.; Busch, Julia; McBride, Ryan; Paulson, James C.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0801259105

Cited by 191 publications

(229 citation statements)

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“…Influenza viruses preferentially bind to glycans terminated by sialic acid, mostly Neu5Ac derivative, either Neu5Ac(α2→3)Gal or Neu5Ac(α2→6)Gal; human isolates predominantly bind to Neu5Ac(α2→6)Gal, while avian isolates mainly bind to Neu5Ac(α2→3)Gal [7,10,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Glycan microarray analyses detected differences in human and avian influenza virus HA specificity, such as preferences for fucosylation and sialylation at positions 2 (Gal) and 3 (GlcNAc, GalNAc) of the terminal trisaccharide [41], and also showed that highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses bind preferentially to Sia(α2→3)Gal structure [42] and highly pathogenic avian H7N7 viruses from The Netherlands in 2003 maintain the classic avian-binding preference for α2→3 linked sialic acids [43]. Recently, it was reported that a characteristic structural topology enables specific binding of HA to α2→6 sialylated glycans and human adapted H1N1 and H3N2 viruses specifically bind to long sialylated glycans containing tandem lactosamine structure such as Sia(α2→6)Gal(β1→4)GlcNAc (β1→3)Gal(β1→4)GlcNAc(β1→3)Gal-structures [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of N-glycans in embryonated chicken egg chorioallantoic and amniotic cells responsible for binding and adaptation of human and avian influenza viruses

et al. 2008

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The initial step essential in influenza virus infection is specific binding of viral hemagglutinin to host cell-surface glycan receptors. Influenza A virus specificity for the host is mediated by viral envelope hemagglutinin, that binds to receptors containing glycans with terminal sialic acids. Human viruses preferentially bind to α2→6 linked sialic acids on receptors of host cells, whereas avian viruses are specific for the α2→3 linkage on the target cells. Human influenza virus isolates more efficiently infect amniotic membrane (AM) cells than chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) cells. N-glycans were isolated from AM and CAM cells of 10-day-old chicken embryonated eggs and their structures were analyzed by multi-dimensional HPLC mapping and MALDI-TOF-MS techniques. Terminal Nacetylneuraminic acid contents in the two cell types were similar. However, molar percents of α2→3 linkage prefer- Glycoconj J (2009) 26:433-443

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of N-glycans in embryonated chicken egg chorioallantoic and amniotic cells responsible for binding and adaptation of human and avian influenza viruses

et al. 2008

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“…The HPAI H7N7 virus NL/230 and the low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) H7N9 virus Shanghai/1, associated with human conjunctivitis and severe respiratory disease, respectively, are capable of transmission between ferrets in direct contact when inoculated i.n. (16,17). Following OA inoculation, both H7 viruses were transmitted to naïve ferrets in direct contact (Fig.…”

Section: Influenza Virus Transmissibility Following Oa Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza Virus Infectivity and Virulence following Ocular-Only Aerosol Inoculation of Ferrets

Belser

Gustin

Katz

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Respiratory pathogens have traditionally been studied by examining the exposure and infection of respiratory tract tissues. However, these studies typically overlook the role of ocular surfaces, which represent both a potential site of virus replication and a portal of entry for the establishment of a respiratory infection. To model transocular virus entry in a mammalian species, we established a novel inoculation method that delivers an aerosol inoculum exclusively to the ferret ocular surface. Using influenza virus as a representative respiratory pathogen, we found that both human and avian viruses mounted productive respiratory infections in ferrets following ocular-only aerosol inoculation, and we demonstrated that H5N1 virus can result in a fatal infection at doses below 10 PFU or with exposure times as short as 2 min. Ferrets inoculated by the ocular aerosol route with an avian (H7N7, H7N9) or human (H1N1, H3N2v) virus were capable of transmitting the virus to naïve animals in direct-contact or respiratory-droplet models, respectively. Our results reveal that ocular-only exposure to virus-containing aerosols constitutes a valid exposure route for a potentially fatal respiratory infection, even for viruses that do not demonstrate an ocular tropism, underscoring the public health implications of ocular exposure in clinical or occupational settings. IMPORTANCEIn the absence of eye protection, the human ocular surface remains vulnerable to infection with aerosolized respiratory viruses. In this study, we present a way to inoculate laboratory mammals that excludes respiratory exposure, infecting ferrets only by ocular exposure to influenza virus-containing aerosols. This study demonstrates that the use of respiratory protection alone does not fully protect against influenza virus exposure, infection, and severe disease.

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“…75 On the other hand, some strains of LPAIV H9N2 and LPAIV and HPAIV of the H7 subtype that have crossed from avian to human hosts presented a2,6 receptor binding affinity, yet were apparently unable to transmit among humans. [76][77][78][79] Likewise, recombinant HPAIV H5N1 viruses displaying a2,6 receptor binding affinity replicated in the upper regions of the respiratory tract, yet were unable to transmit via aerosols in the ferret model. 80 Although a2,6 receptor binding affinity and replication to high viral titers in the upper regions of the respiratory tract may be necessary for efficient human-to-human transmission of influenza viruses, these characteristics are most likely not sufficient.…”

Section: Do Not Distributementioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza viruses

Reperant

Kuiken

Osterhaus

2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Contemporary North American influenza H7 viruses possess human receptor specificity: Implications for virus transmissibility

Cited by 191 publications

References 48 publications

Analysis of N-glycans in embryonated chicken egg chorioallantoic and amniotic cells responsible for binding and adaptation of human and avian influenza viruses

Analysis of N-glycans in embryonated chicken egg chorioallantoic and amniotic cells responsible for binding and adaptation of human and avian influenza viruses

Influenza Virus Infectivity and Virulence following Ocular-Only Aerosol Inoculation of Ferrets

Influenza viruses

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