Continuity and Transformation During the Terminal Middle Horizon (A.D. 950–1150): A Bioarchaeological Assessment of Tumilaca Origins within the Middle Moquegua Valley, Peru

Abstract

Previous archaeological studies suggest that terminal Middle Horizon Tumilaca populations (cal A.D. 950–1150) of the middle Moquegua Valley represent direct descendants of earlier Chen Chen-style Tiwankau colonists of the region. This study tests this idea by comparing dentally derived biodistance analyses of Tumilaca, Chen Chen-style, Tiwanaku, and other regional samples. The results indicate that the Tumilaca and Chen Chen-style mortuary samples are similar to one another suggesting that these populations might share an ancestral-descendant relationship. The phenetic relations of the Tumilaca and Chen Chen to other regional samples are also discussed.

Pottery production, regional exchange, and state collapse during the Middle Horizon (A.D.500–1000): LA-ICP-MS analyses of Tiwanaku pottery in the Moquegua Valley, Peru

“…Radiocarbon dates indicate that Tumilaca la Chimba was occupied between A.D. 950 and 1250 (Sharratt 2011a). Analyses of non-metric dental traits from individuals buried at Chen Chen and Tumilaca la Chimba demonstrate that the two populations shared an ancestor-descendent relationship, supporting the longstanding hypothesis that inhabitants of Tumilaca la Chimba were refugees and their descendants, who abandoned state centers when the Tiwanaku state began to collapse (Sutter and Sharratt 2010).…”

“…2) in Moquegua (Goldstein 1985(Goldstein , 1989b(Goldstein , 1993a(Goldstein , 1993b(Goldstein , 2005. Strontium isotope analyses of teeth as well as analyses of non-metric cranial and dental traits support the claim that the Moquegua Valley was colonized by immigrants from the altiplano (Blom 1999;Knudson et al 2004;Sutter 2000;Sutter and Sharratt 2010).…”

“…The large cemeteries may have included as many as 13,000 individuals (Owen 1997). The mortuary population was biologically related to populations in the Tiwanaku heartland and included immigrants from the altiplano (Blom 1999;Knudson et al 2004;Sutter and Sharratt 2010). In life, the inhabitants of Chen Chen mirrored altiplano heartland daily and ritual practices, constructing and using public and private spaces as well as material culture very similar to that found in the Titicaca Basin.…”

Bioarchaeology of social transition: A diachronic study of pathological conditions at Tumilaca la Chimba, Peru

“…The terminal Middle Horizon, or Tumilaca, occupation at Tumilaca la Chimba includes residential areas, four cemeteries, and a public ceremonial context. Previous study suggests that the Tumilaca occupants at this site were refugees who fled middle‐valley Tiwanaku sites as the state declined (Sutter & Sharratt, ). The second, later LIP occupation at Tumilaca la Chimba, consists of an Estuquiña village and associated cemetery (Sharratt, ; Figure ).…”

Botando lenha na fogueira: um estudo etnoarqueológico do fogo na Amazônia

“…O fogo é tratado no discurso não somente pelas suas qualidades técnicas (Alconini, 2004;Bernier, 2010;Chatfield, 2010;Druc, 2004;Lecoq, 2010;Tung & Knudson, 2010;Vaughn, 2004), mas também como marcador de áreas de atividades (Beck, 2004;Bernier, 2010;Contreras, 2010;Mcewan, 2010;Moore, 2010;Vaughn, 2004;Vega-Centeno, 2010), de eventos (Azevedo, 2010;Beck, 2004;Mcewan, 2010;Pabst et al, 2010;Sutter & Sharratt, 2010), merecendo destaque a abordagem da sua agência no passado, em 9% dos textos (Azevedo, 2010;Beck, 2004;Tung & Knudson, 2010 Bawden, 2014;Castillo, 2001;Donnan, 1978Donnan, , 2011Gölte, 2009;La Chioma, 2016 (Barbosa, 2011;Barreto 2014Barreto , 2017Barreto & Oliveira, 2016;Gomes, 2016;Nobre, 2016;Oliveira, 2016). Alguns destes trabalhos preocupam-se em entender as imagens e os objetos pré-coloniais à luz dos conhecimentos da Etnologia e da Antropologia da Arte, explorando temas como corporalidade e subjetividade dos corpos (Barreto, 2017(Barreto, , 2014 (Brabo, 1979;Brondízio, 2006;Hecht, 2003;Schmidt, 200...…”