Contributions of vehicle dynamics to the energy efficient operation of road and rail vehicles

Abstract

This review addresses efforts made within the field of vehicle dynamics to contribute to the energy efficient operation of road and rail vehicles. Selected investigations of the research community to develop technology solutions to reduce energy consumption are presented. The study explores the impact and potential of relatively mature technologies such as regenerative braking, but also recent research directions that are seeking to develop solutions such as regenerative suspensions, a concept common to both transport modes. Specifically for road vehicles, the study includes rear wheel steering, camber control and torque vectoring, and for rail vehicles active steering and light-weighting. Operationally, there would appear to be great potential for rail vehicles in the wider adoption of connected driver advisory systems, and automatic train control systems, including the application of machine learning techniques to optimise train speed trajectories across a route. Similarly, for road vehicles, predictive and cooperative eco-driving strategies show potential for significant energy savings for connected autonomous vehicles.

Optimizing regenerative braking on electric vehicles using a model-based algorithm in the antilock braking system

“…However, the driver can still control the vehicle with actuators [31]. There is a relationship between braking force and wheel slip ratio in ABS [32], as shown in Figure 3.…”

Strategies for Reducing Automobile Fuel Consumption

“…During transient operations, the inertia of the vehicle's moving components significantly contributes to inertial resistance. This is further increased by factors such as rolling and aerodynamic resistance and by inclined roads (slopes) [6,7]. In vehicles of different configurations, such as four-wheel drive (FWD), rear-wheel drive (RWD), or all-wheel drive (AWD), there is potential to increase energy efficiency by utilizing the vehicle's energy to complement the power generated by the engine.…”

Study on Multi-Mode Switching Control Strategy of Active Suspension Based on Road Estimation

“…In the actual driving process of vehicles, road conditions are complex and changeable, and the change in vehicle conditions will affect the actual control effect [ 30 , 31 ]. Road working condition parameters can be obtained to optimize active suspension control and obtain better control effects under different road conditions and speeds, which can better improve vehicle comfort and ride comfort [ 5 , 32 ]. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mode-switching control strategy for different road conditions.…”

“…For example, Zhang et al [ 33 ], Peng et al [ 34 ], and Tao et al [ 35 ] studied the comfort of seat suspension and vehicle suspension. The authors of [ 32 ] constructed a multi-mode active seat suspension, which controlled three mode switches according to vertical seat acceleration and suspension dynamic driving signals. Simulation results showed that the ride comfort was improved compared with passive seat suspension.…”