Control of multiscale systems with constraints. 2. Fractal nuclear isomers and clusters

Abstract

We consider the influence of the Fermi statistics of nucleons on the binding energy of a new type of nuclear structures such as fractal nuclear clusters (fractal isomers of nuclei). It is shown that the fractal nuclear isomers possess a wide spectrum of binding energies that exceed, in many cases, the values known at the present time. The transition of the nuclear matter in the form of ordinary nuclei (drops of the nuclear fluid) in the state with the fractal structure or in the form of bubble nuclei opens new sources of energy and has huge perspectives. This transition is based on a new state of matter -collective coherently correlated state. It manifests itself, first of all, in the property of nonlocality of nuclear multiparticle processes. We develop a phenomenological theory of the binding energy of nuclear fractal structures and modify the Bethe-Weizsäcker formula for nuclear clusters with the mass number A, charge Z, and fractal dimension D f . The consideration of fractal nuclear isomers allows one to interpret the experimental results on a new level of the comprehension of processes of the nuclear dynamics. The possibility to determine the fractal dimension of nuclear systems with the help of the method of nuclear dipole resonance for fractal isomers is discussed. The basic relations for fractal electroneutral structures such as the electron-nucleus plasma of fractal isomers are presented.

Control of multiscale systems with constraints. 3. Geometrodynamics of the evolution of systems with varying constraints

“…The present work is a part of the cycle of works [1][2] devoted to the description of the theory of self-organization of the systems with varying constraints and the control over the synthesis. It is made in the frame of the development of the conception of self-organizing synthesis (see [1], [5]) on the basis of the principle of dynamical harmonization.…”

“…We emphasize once more that the base of the presented theory were main positions of the self-organizing synthesis of nuclei (see [5]), which allowed us to develop at once the means to initiate the nucleosynthesis by electron beams in a plasma diode [57]. The realization of this means allowed us to synthesize a wide spectrum of nuclei and their isomers (see [5,2,[58][59][60]), and the use of electromagnetic drivers gave possibility to efficiently control the lifetime of radioactive nuclei. The experimental results concerning the electromagnetic control over the synthesis of nuclei and the rates of nuclear processes, as well as their comparison with the theory of self-organization of the systems with varying constraints, will be considered in the next article of the cycle.…”

“…This work is a sequel of the cycle of works (see [1][2]), where some approach to the control over the evolution of the systems of many particles on the basis of the general variational principle of self-organization (the principle of dynamical harmonization of systems) is presented. The purpose of the cycle is the development of foundations of the theory and the technology of the synthesis of final states of a system of particles with desired structure and energy binding, which are attained from a given initial state with the help of the initiation of a natural evolution and the control over an evolutionary trajectory of the system at the expense of its internal power resources at a minimal use of the energy of external drivers.l…”

Control of multiscale systems with constraints 4. Control of the evolution of nuclear systems on the basis of the principle of dynamical harmonization

“…The clarification of laws of the evolution of complicated systems, which would allow one to reliably forecast it and, on the whole, to control the evolution, is one of the oldest and most important problems attracting a steady attention of researchers. In the cycle of works [1][2][3], the general approach to their solution on the basis of the fundamental notions of constraints, dynamical harmonization controlling the evolution, and geometry is advanced.…”

“…The principle of dynamical harmonization [1][2] asserts that the self-organization of systems with variable constraints between elements, being under the action of mass forces that cause the coherent accelerations exceeding the dissipative chaotic accelerations considerably, is always directed so that the structure of the system in the course of its collective evolution will transit to a state with the most free dynamics. In work [3], the above formulation of the principle was given in the geometric interpretation: the system of particles in the course of its evolution curves, as a result of the superthreshold acceleration, the space-time, where it is placed; in its turn, the space-time becoming curved indicates the direction of free motion to particles and the direction of evolution for the whole system of particles.…”