Control of Technological Processes of Organic Fertilizers Application as a Tool to Ensure Food Safety

Abstract

Food security of the state is based on the progressive development of the agrarian sector by improving the profitability of its branches. The growth of profitability of the crop sector is possible while building soil fertility by using organic fertilizers. The purpose of the study is to form the aspects of implementation and approaches to the control of the process of organic fertilizers application and to identify their economic substance as a theoretical base in the current conditions of organizational and economic development and management in the agricultural sector. In order to improve the production process management and use of organic fertilizers in the agrarian sector a hierarchical system of resource and product models to optimize production and transportation of organic fertilizers has been developed. The system of resource and product models gives an opportunity to create a strategy of accommodation the technological platforms for the processing organic waste, to optimize transport costs at different levels of the hierarchy of the system implementation, to form a set of measures to increase the level of providing agricultural areas with organics. All this tends to increase the profitability of the crop production branch. To substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed measures to improve the process control of organic fertilizers application divergent forecast scenarios, such as regulatory and extrapolatory (which is subdivided into extrapolatory-inertial and extrapolatory-integrational) have been developed, the consistency of the extrapolatory-integrational forecast scenario has been proved. The designed forecast scenarios are recommended for implementation at various levels of control of technological processes in the agricultural sector, from an economic entity to the state level, using a closed loop process control of the technological processes of production and use of organic fertilizers based on resource and product models.

Trends in the development of technical means for recycling organic waste from agricultural production

“…The increase in the number of animals and poultry has led to the accumulation of large volumes of manure and droppings, the places of accumulation of which pose a threat to the surrounding flora and fauna, due to the fact that there is a large amount of pathogenic microflora in fresh manure and poultry [3,11]. Scientists of the former USSR and foreign specialists in the 70s-80s of the XX century actively developed technologies for processing all types of manure and dung into organic fertilizers and technical means for their implementation.…”

“…The separation of manure into solid and liquid fractions and their subsequent use as solid and liquid organic fertilizers is promising. Filtering and settling centrifuges, vibration filters, vibrating screens, arc screens, filter presses and other equipment are used as mechanical separators [3,14,15].…”

“…Provides for the use of biologically active additives (BAA), which not only improve the quality of the produced organic fertilizers, but also contribute in a short time (after 1.5-2.0 hours in the summer and 3.0-4.5 hours in winter) to heat the manure pile, thereby accelerating the process of its biothermal disinfection. The dietary supplement is introduced with a dose of 0.5% of the mass of processed heap [3]. The use of dietary supplements accelerates the transformation of manure into organic fertilizer, and in terms of the content of humus, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium converts them into the category of concentrated organic fertilizers (COF), which in terms of the content of organic matter are significantly superior to traditional organic fertilizers.…”

“…Decrease in effective soil fertility predetermined their degradation. Of the many reasons for the increase in the number of degraded areas in the total arable land, the main one is the deterioration of the structure of the productive soil layer and a decrease in its fertility due to insufficient application of organic fertilizers, as the basis for the restoration of soil fertility [3].…”

Economic efficiency of innovation in the restoration of soil resources in organic agricultural production

“…Control over the differentiated application of mineral and organic fertilizers, which is currently the most important element of the precision farming system. Regulation of technogenic impact on the treated surface (soil resources) of running systems of power machines [12]. The most important element in the organization of organic farming is the coordination of the production and transportation of organic fertilizers.…”