Controllable Generation of Nitric Oxide by Near‐Infrared‐Sensitized Upconversion Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy

Abstract

NaYbF4:Tm@NaYF4:Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles are synthesized and then integrated with light‐sensitive nitric oxide (NO) donors (Roussin's black salt) to construct a novel near‐infrared (NIR)‐triggered on‐demand NO delivery platform. This nanocompound can absorb 980 nm NIR photons, convert them into higher energy photons and then transfer the energy to the NO donors, resulting in an efficient release of NO. By manipulating the output power of the 980‐nm NIR light, NO‐concentration‐dependent biological effects for cancer therapy can be fine‐tuned, which is investigated and confirmed in vitro. High concentrations of NO can directly kill cancer cells and low concentrations of NO can act as a potent P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) modulator to overcome multi‐drug resistance (MDR) if combined with chemotherapy.

A novel self-assembled sandwich nanomedicine for NIR-responsive release of NO

“…used a core-shell structure of UCNP@MSN as carrier of RBS to develop a NIR-responsive nanomedicine (UCNP@MSN-RBS) for NO controlled release. 6a,b How, the saturated RBS loading capacity of UCNP@MSN was merely 10wt%. In comparison, the developed sandwich structure of GO-BNN6 in this work has a remarkably higher drug loading capacity (120wt%).…”

“…6a,b By comparison of their absorption spectra (Fig. 4A), it can be found that GO has a broad absorption band centered in the UV region, while GNR@MSN has a relatively narrow adsorption band centered in the NIR region.…”

“…6 Ellen et al . 6c covalently grafted silica nanoparticles with a NO donor, sodium 1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (PYRRO), on to with for therapy of ovarian cancer. However, the release of NO from PYRRO-Silica was spontaneous and thus had poor controllability.…”

“…Recently, Zhao et al . 6a,b used upconversion nanoparticles to mediate the NIR-triggered NO release from loaded RBS. This nanomedicine had some distinct advantages including good NIR-responsiveness and remarkable anti-MDR efficacy, but its drug loading capacity was poor and its photo-transferring efficiency (NIR-to-UV) was also low relatively.…”

Upconversion nanoparticle as a theranostic agent for tumor imaging and therapy

“…UCNPs have been successfully designed as a NIR sensitized system for NO carrying and therapy. [134][135][136] In these studies, Roussin's black salt (RBS) was used as the NO yielding source. UCNPs coated with SiO 2 /-NH 3þ , poly (dimethylsiloxane) composites, mSiO 2 were used for RBS carrying and photo-triggered releasing for cancer therapy.…”