Controllable Macroscopic Architecture of Subtractive Manufactured Porous Iron for Cancellous Bone Analogue: Computational to Experimental Validation

Noordin, Muhammad Azfar; Rahim, Rabiatul Adibah Abdul; Roslan, Ahmad Nabeel Hakimi; Ali, Iza Azura; Syahrom, Ardiyansyah; Saad, Amir Putra Md

doi:10.1007/s42235-020-0029-0

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Although the porosity amount of a circular-shaped pore is high, its mechanical strength was lower in a study carried out by Jahir-Hussain et al [ 29 ]. Therefore, the circular-shaped pore needs to possess a high porosity amount so that it can enhance mechanical and morphological properties [ 30 ]. Gomez et al, in their study, described that the circular-shaped scaffold needs to possess a porosity amount in the range of 70–90% in order to obtain a high mechanical strength [ 31 ].…”

Section: Computational Methods In Designing a Scaffoldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

et al. 2021

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The design of a scaffold of bone tissue engineering plays an important role in ensuring cell viability and cell growth. Therefore, it is a necessity to produce an ideal scaffold by predicting and simulating the properties of the scaffold. Hence, the computational method should be adopted since it has a huge potential to be used in the implementation of the scaffold of bone tissue engineering. To explore the field of computational method in the area of bone tissue engineering, this paper provides an overview of the usage of a computational method in designing a unit cell of bone tissue engineering scaffold. In order to design a unit cell of the scaffold, we discussed two categories of unit cells that can be used to design a feasible scaffold, which are non-parametric and parametric designs. These designs were later described and being categorised into multiple types according to their characteristics, such as circular structures and Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures. The advantages and disadvantages of these designs were discussed. Moreover, this paper also represents some software that was used in simulating and designing the bone tissue scaffold. The challenges and future work recommendations had also been included in this paper.

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Section: Computational Methods In Designing a Scaffoldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Noordin et al . [55] also performed similar studies on various Fe scaffolds with circular interconnected 800 µm pores of varying porosities. They also concluded that lower porosity resulted in better mechanical properties and WSS, but at the cost of a lower permeability (as discussed in the previous section).…”

Section: Beyond Cfdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in computational fluid dynamics applications for bone tissue engineering

et al. 2022

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Bone injuries or defects that require invasive surgical treatment are a serious clinical issue, particularly when it comes to treatment success and effectiveness. Accordingly, bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been researching the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis tools to assist in designing optimal scaffolds that better promote bone growth and repair. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent studies that use CFD analysis in BTE. The mechanical and fluidic properties of a given scaffold are coupled to each other via the scaffold architecture, meaning an optimization of one may negatively affect the other. For example, designs that improve scaffold permeability normally result in a decreased average wall shear stress. Linked with these findings, it appears there are very few studies in this area that state a specific application for their scaffolds and those that do are focused on in vitro bioreactor environments. Finally, this review also demonstrates a scarcity of studies that combine CFD with optimization methods to improve scaffold design. This highlights an important direction of research for the development of the next generation of BTE scaffolds.

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“…Noordin et al performed an experiment using controlled macroscopic architecture (CMA) for the subtractive manufacturing of porous iron (Fe) for cancellous bone analog. It was demonstrated that drilling pores in solid Fe cubes resulted in enhanced mechanical and surface properties . Similarly, a YAG laser source was employed to obtain porous Mg scaffolds using the mechanical perforation technique (Figure B).…”

Section: Manufacturing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was demonstrated that drilling pores in solid Fe cubes resulted in enhanced mechanical and surface properties. 224 Similarly, a YAG laser source was employed to obtain porous Mg scaffolds using the mechanical perforation technique (Figure 7B). The developed scaffolds showed 70% porosity with a pore size of 300 μm.…”

Section: Materials Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review on Design and Manufacturing of Bio-scaffolds for Bone Reconstruction

Ravoor

Thangavel

Elsen

2021

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Bio-scaffolds are synthetic entities widely employed in bone and soft-tissue regeneration applications. These bio-scaffolds are applied to the defect site to provide support and favor cell attachment and growth, thereby enhancing the regeneration of the defective site. The progressive research in bio-scaffold fabrication has led to identification of biocompatible and mechanically stable materials. The difficulties in obtaining grafts and expenditure incurred in the transplantation procedures have also been overcome by the implantation of bio-scaffolds. Drugs, cells, growth factors, and biomolecules can be embedded with bio-scaffolds to provide localized treatments. The right choice of materials and fabrication approaches can help in developing bio-scaffolds with required properties. This review mostly focuses on the available materials and bio-scaffold techniques for bone and soft-tissue regeneration application. The first part of this review gives insight into the various classes of biomaterials involved in bio-scaffold fabrication followed by design and simulation techniques. The latter discusses the various additive, subtractive, hybrid, and other improved techniques involved in the development of bio-scaffolds for bone regeneration applications. Techniques involving multimaterial printing and multidimensional printing have also been briefly discussed.

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Controllable Macroscopic Architecture of Subtractive Manufactured Porous Iron for Cancellous Bone Analogue: Computational to Experimental Validation

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

Challenges in computational fluid dynamics applications for bone tissue engineering

Comprehensive Review on Design and Manufacturing of Bio-scaffolds for Bone Reconstruction

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