Converging paradigms for environmental health theory and practice.

Parkes, Margot W.; Panelli, Ruth; Weinstein, Philip

doi:10.1289/ehp.5332

Cited by 86 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although these problems are not new, they continue to be of global concern and significance, especially in the context of climate change. Thus, there is renewed attention to the environmental drivers of health (2,6,14,15), which requires stepping back from a purely biomedical and molecular view of health to examine community and environmental drivers using a landscape epidemiology or ecoepidemiology perspective (16,17). The desire to make the case for conservation has led to broad claims regarding the benefits of nature conservation for human health; these claims must be tested and substantiated with rigorous empirical analysis (3,8,(18)(19)(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health impacts of ecosystem change in the Brazilian Amazon

Bauch¹,

Birkenbach

Pattanayak

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The claim that nature delivers health benefits rests on a thin empirical evidence base. Even less evidence exists on how specific conservation policies affect multiple health outcomes. We address these gaps in knowledge by combining municipal-level panel data on diseases, public health services, climatic factors, demographics, conservation policies, and other drivers of land-use change in the Brazilian Amazon. To fully exploit this dataset, we estimate random-effects and quantile regression models of disease incidence. We find that malaria, acute respiratory infection (ARI), and diarrhea incidence are significantly and negatively correlated with the area under strict environmental protection. Results vary by disease for other types of protected areas (PAs), roads, and mining. The relationships between diseases and land-use change drivers also vary by quantile of the disease distribution. Conservation scenarios based on estimated regression results suggest that malaria, ARI, and diarrhea incidence would be reduced by expanding strict PAs, and malaria could be further reduced by restricting roads and mining. Although these relationships are complex, we conclude that interventions to preserve natural capital can deliver cobenefits by also increasing human (health) capital.infectious diseases | roads | mining | protected areas | Amazon forest

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health impacts of ecosystem change in the Brazilian Amazon

Bauch¹,

Birkenbach

Pattanayak

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Similar findings were reported in the geographic prevalence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in drinking water in Canada (Wallis et al, 1996). It is clear that the incorporation of genetic, spatial, and biological prevalence studies in relation to zoonotic threats will have consequences for new types of intervention and ultimately achieve opportunities for environmental and human health protection not presently undertaken (Parkes et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Zoonotic Pathogens from Feral Pigs in Major Public Drinking Water Catchments in Western Australia

et al. 2006

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Australia has the largest number of wild pigs in the world. Their pronounced impacts on agriculture and biodiversity make the estimated 23 million feral pigs one of AustraliaÕs most important vertebrate pest species. The foraging and wallowing behavior of pigs can markedly increase the turbidity of water supplies, but more importantly, they can transmit and excrete a number of infectious waterborne organisms pathogenic to humans. Their persistence in drinking water catchments also makes them potentially significant reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens. In this study, important protozoan parasite pathogens, such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Balantidium, and Entamoeba, were detected from the feces of feral pigs caught in metropolitan drinking water catchment areas. All are potentially important waterborne human pathogens that pose a major threat to drinking water quality. Fortunately, the overall prevalence in feral pigs appears to be relatively low, with £ 13% of pigs detected with parasites. In this study, we combined the findings from the parasitological analysis with the use of 14 highly informative DNA markers to define a series of highly structured populations that indicated very little movement of feral pigs between the populations. The implication of this pattern is that any public health risk may spread very slowly between populations, but may be much higher within watercourses. This study represents an innovative and important new approach to drinking water source protection in Australia.

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“…44 The Bangkok Charter's call for critical attention to the involvement of civil society, governments and politicians at all levels, the private sector, international organizations and the public health community, highlights the imperative of training health workers capable of engaging with complex, multi-stakeholder and collaborative processes to address the determinants of health. 23,45,46 Designers and funders of international training programmes are therefore faced with growing responsibilities -not only to equip students to respond to the protective and destructive factors influencing health in disadvantaged populations but also to anticipate and respond to the complex, conflicting pressures (ranging from outmigration to institutional inertia) that could determine whether graduates are able to fulfil their potential to serve these populations.…”

Section: Roles and Responsibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the health of marginalized populations in Ecuador through international collaboration and education innovations

Parkes

Spiegel

Breilh

et al. 2009

Bull World Health Org

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This paper examines two innovative educational initiatives for the Ecuadorian public health workforce: a Canadian-funded Masters programme in ecosystem approaches to health that focuses on building capacity to manage environmental health risks sustainably; and the training of Ecuadorians at the Latin American School of Medicine in Cuba (known as Escuela Latinoamericana de Medicina in Spanish). We apply a typology for analysing how training programmes address the needs of marginalized populations and build capacity for addressing health determinants. We highlight some ways we can learn from such training programmes with particular regard to lessons, barriers and opportunities for their sustainability at the local, national and international levels and for pursuing similar initiatives in other countries and contexts. We conclude that educational efforts focused on the challenges of marginalization and the determinants of health require explicit attention not only to the knowledge, attitudes and skills of graduates but also on effectively engaging the health settings and systems that will reinforce the establishment and retention of capacity in low-and middle-income settings where this is most needed.Une traduction en français de ce résumé figure à la fin de l'article. Al final del artículo se facilita una traducción al español. ‫املقالة.‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫الكامل‬ ‫النص‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الخالصة‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫العربية‬ ‫الرتجمة‬

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Converging paradigms for environmental health theory and practice.

Cited by 86 publications

References 49 publications

Public health impacts of ecosystem change in the Brazilian Amazon

Public health impacts of ecosystem change in the Brazilian Amazon

Prevalence of Zoonotic Pathogens from Feral Pigs in Major Public Drinking Water Catchments in Western Australia

Promoting the health of marginalized populations in Ecuador through international collaboration and education innovations

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