Conversion of olive wastes to volatiles and carbon adsorbents

Physico-chemical characterization of biochars from vacuum pyrolysis of South African agricultural wastes for application as soil amendments

“…Biochars from vacuum pyrolysis resulted in higher surface areas compared to biochars from slow pyrolysis due to the higher reaction rate; therefore greater devolatilization was obtained using vacuum pyrolysis. Similar observations were made by other researchers for different biomasses [45,46]. Larger surface area would be beneficial in soil as it indicates higher sorption capacity of a biochar.…”

Pyrolysis of various biomass residues and char utilization for the production of activated carbons

“…which has a Higher Heating Value (HHV) high enough to be used for the total energy requirements of a biomass waste pyrolysis plant [7] and might also be employed in internal combustion engines, gas turbines and other operating devices [8]. The liquid phase generated (known as tar) is the oil mainly composed of oxygen-containing structures (derivatives of phenol, dihydroxybenzenes, guaiacol, syringol, vanilin, veratrol, furan, acids) [9] and can be used directly as fuel or added to petroleum refinery feedstock [10], although its use involves some nuisances such as high water content (that are detrimental to ignition), presence of corrosive organic compounds, etc., and may also be an important source of chemicals. The char is a solid carbonaceous residue with a high content in fixed carbon (>75%), which can be used directly as fuel, as briquettes [4,5] or as precursor for activated carbons production [2,5].…”

Characterization and Combustion of Olive Pomace in a Fixed Bed Boiler: Effects of Particle Sizes

“…They concluded that a lot of efforts are needed to make biomass economically competitive by comparison with the currently used energies, but they affirmed that there are no insurmountable obstacles for this sustainable energy source. Moreover, a large diversity of biomass forms constitutes a fertilized field of scientific research that studied separately each variety such as biomass pellets [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], pin chips [11] and olive cake [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. These studies cover experimental and numerical studies on biomass combustion, synthesis characterization and drying of several kinds of biomasses.…”

“…Several other works concerning the different uses of olive pomace have been published [20][21][22]. Baccar et al [20] have prepared the activated carbon from Tunisian olive pomace and its application for the adsorption of heavy metal ions.…”