Coordonner transport et urbanisme. Visions et pratiques locales en Suisse et en France

Abstract

Article paru dans la Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, 2013, 13(2) SummaryIn Europe, the idea that coordinating transport and urban planning is a necessary condition for setting sustainable urban development into motion has spread throughout academic and professional circles. If there is nothing new regarding this concern, the objectives underlying transport and urban planning coordination have deeply changed since the late 1960s. How has the shift in perspective, from adapting the city to the automobile toward promoting sustainable cities and mobilities, been translated into action? And what of local issues, visions, and coordination practices surrounding transportation and urban planning? What factors favor this kind of integration, and can we identify sources of inertia and causes of public action fragmentation? Based on a comparative study of four urban area's transport policy and urban planning trajectories (Geneva, Bern, Strasbourg and Bordeaux), this paper analyses the coordination between transport and urban planning as a political process in permanent (re)construction.

Explaining the Dynamics of Small Towns in Western France by Testing ThWyjaśnianie dynamiki małych miast w zachodniej Francji poprzez testowanie trzech możliwych czynnikówree Possible

“…Research states that coordinating railway transport services and urban planning is not just an economic or technical issue (Deraëve, Poinsot 2020) but is often political, contingent on cognitive legacies (Kaufmann et al 2003, Pflieger et al 2007, Gallez et al 2013. Maulat (2014) thus demonstrated, using the examples of Nantes (Pays-de-la-Loire) and Toulouse, how the new planning standards that have emerged over the last decade are testing practices in terms of institutional, territorial, political, cultural and material constraints.…”

Conciliar os transportes e o ordenamento urbano: avanços recentes e aplicabilidade em áreas metropolitanas portuguesas

“…Neste caso, os critérios físicos locais acabam por superar os critérios de eficâcia intrínseca do programa. A articulação inclui portanto uma elevada dimensão de mito, uma vez que as opções, as anticipações dos agentes privados ignoram completamente as veleidades de equilíbrios entre residências e empregos (Gallez et al, 2008).…”

La prise en compte des innovations en matière de mobilité dans la planification urbaine : le cas des Services de transports personnalisés (STP)

“…De ce fait, la prise en compte de l'environnement dans les documents de planification est arrivée assez tardivement. « Il faut attendre le vote de la loi sur l'air et l'utilisation rationnelle de l'énergie de 1996 pour que la problématique environnementale soit spécifiquement associée au milieu urbain [… ] En matière de transport, le texte de loi (loi sur l'air) se focalise sur l'objectif d'un report modal de la voiture vers les transports collectifs, la marche et le vélo » (Gallez et al, 2013 (Foulquier, 2014). Enfin, 10 ans plus tard, la loi « ENE 9 » renforce le code de l'urbanisme en tant qu'outil du développement et de l'aménagement durables des territoires et de lutte contre l'étalement urbain, notamment par la simplification et le renforcement des outils de planification que sont les SCoT et PLU.…”