Coping with Abiotic Stress in Plants—An Endomembrane Trafficking Perspective

Sampaio, Miguel; Cardoso, Tatiana; Pissarra, José; Pereira, Susana; Pereira, Cláudia

doi:10.3390/plants11030338

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Experiments in which A. thaliana plants were exposed to various stresses, in particular, cold, heat, salt, and UV radiation, have already been conducted to investigate the relationship between the development of autophagy and cytoskeleton functioning in response to stress [31,44,45,46]. However, there is still a shortage of data on the role of microtubules in the development of autophagy in plant cells under microgravity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Shadrina

Yemets

Plokhovska

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Autophagy plays a direct or indirect roles in plant growth and development, pathogen invasion and immunity. It is involved in the control of cell homeostasis and modulates plant response and adaptation to various abiotic stress stimuli. The formation and motility of autophagosomes require microtubule dynamics. The manner in which autophagy can be induced by microgravity in plants has not been previously studied. Investigating how plants can cope with the absence of gravity is a critical task in space biology, since growing plants as a food source on the space station is in particular demand for the future. The present study demonstrates and confirms that microgravity affects the growth and development of plants. Using different GFP-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana lines (GFP-ATG8 and GFP-MAP4), laser scanning confocal microscopy and gene expression analysis of 6 α-tubulin (tua), 9 β-tubulin (tub) and 9 atg8 genes, we can conclude that main microgravity-induced stress response in plants is observed during the first 6-9 days of the microgravity experiments. It is shown that the morphological changes found in plants are directly related to changes in the organization and dynamics of microtubules. It was found that in root cells microtubules become disorganized after 6 days of growing plants under microgravity conditions, which leads to visible morphological changes in the plants. However, after 9-12 days of the experiment no dramatic disturbances in the orientation and organization of MTs were identified. The results obtained using LysoTracker™ Red and A. thaliana transgenic line (GFP-ATG8a) in both cases showed induction of autophagy and maximum level of autophagosome formation in plant root cells after 6 days of plant growth, and then a gradual decrease of autophagosomes in the same cells after 9 and 12 days under microgravity. The results of transcriptome analysis of tubulin and atg8 genes reveal connection between development of autophagy and functioning of microtubules. In particular, the most pronounced increase of expression in response to microgravity exposure was observed of tua2, tua3, tub2, tub3 and atg8i genes. It should be noted that the main responses to stress were established after 6-9 days of exposure to microgravitation, while after 12 days of the experiment, an adaptive response of plants to microgravity-induced stress was observed. The findings provide a basis for further studies of cellular mechanisms of autophagy and their interaction with cytoskeletal structures, in particular microtubules, to enhance plant adaptation to microgravity conditions

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Shadrina

Yemets

Plokhovska

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Drought stress affects several morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in plants and often triggers the activation of signaling molecules and cascades involved in cellular responses ( Sampaio et al., 2022 ). Several TFs as master regulators of gene expression were identified and reported to be controlling the mechanisms involved in drought stress tolerance ( Erpen et al., 2018 ; Manna et al., 2021 ; Yoon et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-expression of stress-responsive regulatory genes, MuNAC4, MuWRKY3 and MuMYB96 associated with resistant-traits improves drought adaptation in transgenic groundnut (Arachis hypogaea l.) plants

et al. 2022

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Groundnut, cultivated under rain-fed conditions is prone to yield losses due to intermittent drought stress. Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon and multiple gene expression required to maintain the cellular tolerance. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate many functional genes involved in tolerance mechanisms. In this study, three stress-responsive regulatory TFs cloned from horse gram, (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verdc.), MuMYB96, involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis; MuWRKY3, associated with anti-oxidant defense mechanism and MuNAC4, tangled with lateral root development were simultaneously expressed to enhance drought stress resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The multigene transgenic groundnut lines showed reduced ROS production, membrane damage, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activity, evidencing improved antioxidative defense mechanisms under drought stress. Multigene transgenic plants showed lower proline content, increased soluble sugars, epicuticular wax content and higher relative water content suggesting higher maintenance of tissue water status compared to wildype and mock plants. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a substantial increase in deposition of cuticular waxes and variation in stomatal number in multigene transgenic lines compared to wild type and mock plants. The multigene transgenic plants showed increased growth of lateral roots, chlorophyll content, and stay-green nature in drought stress compared to wild type and mock plants. Expression analysis of transgenes, MuMYB96, MuWRKY3, and MuNAC4 and their downstream target genes, KCS6, KCR1, APX3, CSD1, LBD16 and DBP using qRT-PCR showed a two- to four-fold increase in transcript levels in multigene transgenic groundnut plants over wild type and mock plants under drought stress. Our study demonstrate that introducing multiple genes with simultaneous expression of genes is a viable option to improve stress tolerance and productivity under drought stress.

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“…It is well documented that the vacuole functions as a key organelle in stress responses. Additionally, disintegration of the vacuolar membranes is a crucial event in plant cell death ( Sampaio et al., 2022 ). Similar to cryptogein-induced PCD in tobacco BY-2 cells ( Higaki et al., 2007 ), OsRIP1 treatments led to the collapse of the vacuolar membrane followed by the irreversible loss of plasma membrane integrity and cell shrinkage ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of the recombinant type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein, OsRIP1, on growth of PSB-D and BY-2 cells

Chen

Gistelinck²,

Verbeke³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plant suspension cells were treated with recombinant OsRIP1, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) from rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsRIP1 triggered cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells but not in Arabidopsis PSB-D cells. Phenotypic changes in BY-2 cells exposed to OsRIP1, included loss of growth capacity, loss of integrity of the plasma membrane and vacuolar collapse. These effects were also accompanied by RNA degradation and DNA fragmentation. Targeting of exogenous OsRIP1 to plant vacuoles and OsRIP1-induced accumulation of transcripts for vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) indicated that OsRIP1 provoked plant cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells through the activation of VPEs and subsequent vacuolar disruption, which was probably independent of its N-glycosylase activity on cytosolic ribosomes. Necrosis with limited production of H2O2 was observed after infiltration of high concentrations of OsRIP1 in epidermal cells of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN plants. Our study provides the first evidence that OsRIP1 exerts differential effects on the growth of PSB-D and BY-2 cells. The vacuole-dependent cell death pathway is associated with the lethal effect of the exogenously applied OsRIP1 on BY-2 cells.

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Coping with Abiotic Stress in Plants—An Endomembrane Trafficking Perspective

Cited by 17 publications

References 110 publications

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Co-expression of stress-responsive regulatory genes, MuNAC4, MuWRKY3 and MuMYB96 associated with resistant-traits improves drought adaptation in transgenic groundnut (Arachis hypogaea l.) plants

Differential effects of the recombinant type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein, OsRIP1, on growth of PSB-D and BY-2 cells

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