Copper Ion Assisted Photochemical Vapor Generation of Chlorine for Its Sensitive Determination by Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

A novel, reliable, and sensitive approach for the determination of chlorine by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICPMS) using photochemical vapor generation for sample introduction is presented. Methyl chloride is generated from different chlorine species in a flow-through photochemical reactor using a 1% solution of acetic acid containing 7.5 μg g of Cu. The volatile product is directed by an argon carrier gas to a gas-liquid separator and introduced into the instrument. A sample flow rate at 1.7 mL min and a 45 s irradiation time provided a 74-fold enhancement in sensitivity compared to conventional nebulization. A blank-limited detection limit of 0.5 ng g for chloride, suitable for quantitation at trace levels, was achieved. The proposed method was validated by analysis of two certified reference materials, NIST SRM 1568b rice flour and SRM 1571 orchard leaves, with satisfactory results, as well as three varieties of bottled water, achieving spike recoveries between 101% and 105%.

Application of copper(II)-based chemicals induces CH3Br and CH3Cl emissions from soil and seawater

“…The mechanism as noted in this study, in which Cu(II) and radiation enhance the methylation of bromide and chloride to produce CH 3 Br and CH 3 Cl, have been originally identified and used in bromide 20 and chloride 50 determination in aqueous samples at ultra-trace levels. This study presents a consideration of the environmental consequence of this process in both conventional and organic agriculture where large amounts of copper sulfate and other Cu(II)-based chemicals are applied, as well as in coastal marine environments where Cu(II)-containing runoff is discharged 51 .…”

A novel highly fluorescent S, N, O co-doped carbon dots for biosensing and bioimaging of copper ions in live cells

“…The high stability of the prepared S, N, O-CDs under various conditions endow them with promising applications. Furthermore, different pH solutions (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) had no apparent inuence on the uorescence of S, N, O-CDs (Fig. 2D).…”

“…Several effective methods have been developed for the detection of Cu 2+ , including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 5 atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), 6 electrochemical methods, 7 colorimetry, uorescence spectroscopy, [8][9][10] and so on. Among these methods, uorescent probes have attracted great attention due to their noninvasive nature and real-time sensing and imaging capabilities.…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update – a review of advances in environmental analysis

“…The method was considered to have potential for the highly sensitive determination of vapour-forming elements. In a novel sensitive approach for the determination of Cl by SF-ICP-MS using PVG for sample introduction, methyl chloride was generated 158 from different chlorine species in a flowthrough photochemical reactor using a 1% solution of acetic acid containing 7.5 μg g -1 Cu 2+ .…”