Copper–tin electrodeposition from an acid solution containing EDTA added

Production of low-Sn Cu-Sn Alloy Coatings onto Steel Substrate Using Sodium Citrate Bath – Part 1: the Effect of Current Mode (DC or SPC) and Applied Current on the Chemical, Morphological, and Anticorrosive Properties of the Coatings

“…The main difference among the diffractograms of the DC and SPC electrodeposited Cu-Sn coatings is the presence of a small diffraction peak at 2θ ~ 36.60 o in the DC coatings produced only under the conditions of Experiments 2 and 3 (Figure 5A). This peak could be associated with the intermetallic phase Cu 3 Sn (0.20.0) (PDF n° 01-1240), which has already been observed for Cu-Sn electrodeposited coatings 11,52 . It is also interesting to observe that the relationship between the intensity of the Cu 6 Sn 5 (132) line and that of the steel substrate at 2θ ~ 44.50 o increases for the SPC coatings compared to the DC ones suggesting that more crystalline coatings were produced by pulsed current electrodeposition.…”

Electrodeposition of copper-tin-zinc ternary alloys from disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate bath

“…The incorporation of oxides or hydroxides may occur because, at these electrodeposition potentials, the HER occurs in parallel with reduction of the Cu(II), Sn(II), and Zn(II) complex species. As a consequence, pH at the metal/solution interface rises and the oxides or hydroxides of these ions may precipitate [37,45,46]. Also, it can be inferred from the results shown in Table 1 that, when electrodeposits were produced at E d −0.82 V from 0.10Cu 2+ /0.10Sn 2+ / 0.10Zn 2+ bath, the Cu-Sn co-deposition was normal, i.e., a higher percentage of Cu (more noble metal) was present in the final electrodeposit [1,47,48].…”

Treatment of Cyanide-Free Wastewater from Brass Electrodeposition with EDTA by Electrodialysis: Evaluation of Underlimiting and Overlimiting Operations

“…Some alternative complexing agents already tested in brass electrodeposition are glycerol [4,5], glycine [1,3], sorbitol [6,7], ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) [8,9], citrate [10], pyrophosphate [11], pyrophosphate-oxalate [12], triethanolamine [2], glucoheptonate [13], nitrilotriacetic acid [14], tartrate [15], choline acetate [16], bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [17] and d-mannitol [18]. Among them, EDTA is interesting since it is widely used as a complexing agent in the electrodeposition of metals [19,20] and for separating cations using electrodialysis, exploiting a difference in the solubility constants of the complexes [21,22].…”