Core RNAi Machinery and Three Sid-1 Related Genes in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Gong, Li; Zheng, Wenxu; Wang, Huidong; Qi, Jiangwei; Hu, Meiying; Hu, Qiongbo

doi:10.17957/ijab/15.0005

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Although the involvement of the sil genes in the uptake of dsRNA have been demonstrated in D. virgifera and L. decemlineata (Miyata et al, 2014 ; Cappelle et al, 2016 ), it is unclear whether the orthologs of SID are associated with RNAi in moths (Xu et al, 2016 ). We detected three distinct sil genes, similar to the earlier studies of Bombyx mori and Spodoptera litura (Huvenne and Smagghe, 2010 ; Gong et al, 2015 ). These sil genes encoded the proteins with 11 transmembrane regions at the N-terminal end, similar to the C. elegans sid1 and tag10 proteins.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Analysis of RNA Interference-Related Soybean Pod Borer (Lepidoptera) Genes Based on Transcriptome Sequences

Meng

Yang

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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RNA interference (RNAi) is useful for controlling pests of agriculturally important crops. The soybean pod borer (SPB) is the most important soybean pest in Northeastern Asia. In an earlier study, we confirmed that the SPB could be controlled via transgenic plant-mediated RNAi. Here, the SPB transcriptome was sequenced to identify RNAi-related genes, and also to establish an RNAi-of-RNAi assay system for evaluating genes involved in the SPB systemic RNAi response. The core RNAi genes, as well as genes potentially involved in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) uptake were identified based on SPB transcriptome sequences. A phylogenetic analysis and the characterization of these core components as well as dsRNA uptake related genes revealed that they contain conserved domains essential for the RNAi pathway. The results of the RNAi-of-RNAi assay involving Laccase 2 (a critical cuticle pigmentation gene) as a marker showed that genes encoding the sid-like (Sil1), scavenger receptor class C (Src), and scavenger receptor class B (Srb3 and Srb4) proteins of the endocytic pathway were required for SPB cellular uptake of dsRNA. The SPB response was inferred to contain three functional small RNA pathways (i.e., miRNA, siRNA, and piRNA pathways). Additionally, the SPB systemic RNA response may rely on systemic RNA interference deficient transmembrane channel-mediated and receptor-mediated endocytic pathways. The results presented herein may be useful for developing RNAi-mediated methods to control SPB infestations in soybean.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Analysis of RNA Interference-Related Soybean Pod Borer (Lepidoptera) Genes Based on Transcriptome Sequences

Meng

Yang

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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“…Dicer1 and Dicer2 are known to cleave the long dsRNA into siRNAs (∼21–25 nt). The presence of dicer genes was reported in T. castaneum ( Tc-Dcr-1 and Tc-Dcr-2 ) and S. litura ( Dcr1 and Dcr2 ) ( Tomoyasu et al 2008 ; Gong et al 2015 ). Argonaute (Ago) proteins bind to single-stranded mRNA through siRNAs to degrade it in a sequence-specific manner ( Hammond et al 2001 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Sid proteins are well-known for the uptake and spread of gene silencing signals. The presence of these proteins has been reported in Apis mellifera ( Aronstein et al 2006 ), B. mori ( Kobayashi et al 2012 ), and S. litura ( Gong et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Argonaute (Ago) proteins bind to single-stranded mRNA through siRNAs to degrade it in a sequence-specific manner ( Hammond et al 2001 ). The presence of two Ago genes in N. lugens , Ago1 and Ago2 in S. litura , and five types of Ago in T. castaneum ( Tc-ago-1 , Tc-ago-2a , Tc-ago-2b , Tc-ago-3 , and Tc-Piwi ) have been reported ( Tomoyasu et al 2008 ; Xu et al 2013 ; Gong et al 2015 ). Sid proteins are well-known for the uptake and spread of gene silencing signals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RNA-seq of Rice Yellow Stem BorerScirpophaga incertulasReveals Molecular Insights During Four Larval Developmental Stages

Renuka

Maganti

Padmakumari

et al. 2017

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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The yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas, is a prominent pest in rice cultivation causing serious yield losses. The larval stage is an important stage in YSB, responsible for maximum infestation. However, limited knowledge exists on the biology and mechanisms underlying the growth and differentiation of YSB. To understand and identify the genes involved in YSB development and infestation, so as to design pest control strategies, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis at the first, third, fifth, and seventh larval developmental stages employing Illumina Hi-seq. High-quality reads (HQR) of ∼229 Mb were assembled into 24,775 transcripts with an average size of 1485 bp. Genes associated with various metabolic processes, i.e., detoxification mechanism [CYP450, GSTs, and carboxylesterases (CarEs)], RNA interference (RNAi) machinery (Dcr-1, Dcr-2, Ago-1, Ago-2, Sid-1, Sid-2, Sid-3, and Sid-1-related gene), chemoreception (CSPs, GRs, OBPs, and ORs), and regulators [transcription factors (TFs) and hormones] were differentially regulated during the developmental stages. Identification of stage-specific transcripts made it possible to determine the essential processes of larval development. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that YSB has not evolved much with respect to the detoxification mechanism, but showed the presence of distinct RNAi machinery. The presence of strong specific visual recognition coupled with chemosensory mechanisms supports the monophagous nature of YSB. Designed expressed sequenced tags-simple-sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) will facilitate accurate estimation of the genetic diversity of YSB. This is the first report on characterization of the YSB transcriptome and the identification of genes involved in key processes, which will help researchers and industry to devise novel pest control strategies. This study also opens up a new avenue to develop next-generation resistant rice using RNAi or genome editing approaches.

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“…In most other insect orders only one sid‐1 homologue has been found (Bansal & Michel ; Wynant et al ., ; Sadd et al ., ). However, in some lepidopteran species, three distinct sid‐1 ‐like genes are present (Tomoyasu et al ., ; Zhan et al ., ; Gong et al ., ). The distribution of the number of sid‐1 ‐like genes over the different orders is illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The involvement of clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and two Sid‐1‐like transmembrane proteins in double‐stranded RNA uptake in the Colorado potato beetle midgut

Cappelle

Oliveira

Eynde

et al. 2016

Insect Molecular Biology

149

165

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool in entomology and shows promise as a crop protection strategy, but variability in its efficiency across different insect species limits its applicability. For oral uptake of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), the RNAi trigger, two different mechanisms are known: systemic RNA interference deficient-1 (Sid-1) transmembrane channel-mediated uptake and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. So far, a wide range of experiments has been conducted, confirming the involvement of one of the pathways in dsRNA uptake, but never both pathways in the same species. We investigated the role of both pathways in dsRNA uptake in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, known to have an efficient RNAi response. Through RNAi-of-RNAi experiments, we demonstrated the contribution of two different sid-1-like (sil) genes, silA and silC, and clathrin heavy chain and the 16kDa subunit of the vacuolar H(+) ATPase (vha16), elements of the endocytic pathway, to the RNAi response. Furthermore, the sid-1-like genes were examined through phylogenetic and hydrophobicity analysis. This article reports for the first time on the involvement of two pathways in dsRNA uptake in an insect species and stresses the importance of evaluating both pathways through a well-devised reporter system in any future experiments on cellular dsRNA uptake.

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Core RNAi Machinery and Three Sid-1 Related Genes in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Functional Analysis of RNA Interference-Related Soybean Pod Borer (Lepidoptera) Genes Based on Transcriptome Sequences

Functional Analysis of RNA Interference-Related Soybean Pod Borer (Lepidoptera) Genes Based on Transcriptome Sequences

RNA-seq of Rice Yellow Stem BorerScirpophaga incertulasReveals Molecular Insights During Four Larval Developmental Stages

The involvement of clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and two Sid‐1‐like transmembrane proteins in double‐stranded RNA uptake in the Colorado potato beetle midgut

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