Correlation between Body Composition and Walking Capacity in Severe Obesity

Santarém, Gabriela Correia de Faria; Cleva, Roberto de; Santo, Marco Aurélio; Bernhard, Aline Biaseto; Gadducci, Alexandre Vieira; Greve, Júlia Maria D’Andréa; Silva, Paulo Roberto Santos

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130268

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In addition, almost all previous studies involving the 6 MWT have been performed in samples predominantly composed of obese women, who have very different performance from that observed in obese men during submaximal exercise [ 3 , 6 , 11 , 19 , 21 ]. Similar to Wooldridge et al [ 4 ], Vanhelst et al [ 22 ], and Hulens et al [ 23 ], we observed that BMI was one of the most important variables in the reference equation for the 6 MWD of obese subjects, which is not surprising because excess weight increases the workload and affects walking due to trunk oscillation and the increased distance between the feet [ 2 ]. Age was also a variable that was included in the reference equation for the 6 MWD in this population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Obesity hinders walking and is therefore an important component of functional limitation, which can be caused by a sedentary lifestyle and the numerous adverse effects of excess weight [ 1 , 2 ]. Obese individuals have a lower exercise capacity not only because walking is a weight-bearing activity but also because these individuals have significant comorbidities [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference Value for the Distance Walked in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Obese Brazilian Men in the Preoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery

et al. 2021

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Background. Obesity has several effects on the mechanics of the rib cage that may impair the exercise performance of obese individuals and therefore impact the assessment of surgical risk. This study aimed to establish a reference value for the 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) in obese Brazilian men in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery that considers the effect of lung function. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study in which 104 obese men underwent the six-minute walk test (6 MWT) before bariatric surgery. They also underwent the spirometry test and respiratory muscle strength measurement before the 6 MWT. Results. The 6 MWD was correlated with age (r = −0.388, p = 0.0005 ), weight (r = −0.365, p = 0.0007 ), height (r = 0.285, p = 0.022 ), body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.543, p < 0.0001 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = 0.472, p < 0.0001 ), peak expiratory flow (r = 0.253, p = 0.031 ), and maximal inspiratory pressure (r = 0.313, p = 0.017 ). In the stepwise forward regression analysis, BMI, FVC, and age were the only variables that independently predicted the 6 MWD and explained 40% of its variability. The reference equation proposed for obese Brazilian men is 6 MWD (m) = 570.5 − (3.984 × BMIkg/m2) + (1.093 × FVC%predicted) − (0.836 × ageyrs). Conclusion. In this sample of obese Brazilian men, lung function contributed to poor performance in the 6 MWT. In these individuals, BMI, FVC, and age were the variables that composed the reference equation for the 6 MWD. Thus, in several clinical settings, such as in the evaluation before bariatric surgery, pulmonary function data are important to determine the reference value for the 6 MWD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Value for the Distance Walked in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Obese Brazilian Men in the Preoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery

et al. 2021

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“…Interestingly, Ben Saad et al ( 22 ) showed that when BMI is included in their final reference equation, 6MWD decreased 5.27 m for each increase of 1 unit in BMI. Obese subjects adapt to their higher body mass by decreasing walking speed and they tend to oscillate the trunk while walking and increase the distance between the ankles when stopping, to compensate for their extra body mass ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of lung function in predicting distance covered in the 6-min walk test in obese Brazilian women

Luchesa

Mafort

Silva

et al. 2020

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Obesity affects the respiratory system through various mechanisms, including systemic inflammation and direct mechanical hindrance due to fat deposition in the chest and abdomen. In addition, changes in the neural control of respiration and increases in thoracic blood volume can promote abnormalities in lung function. Thus, determining relationships between the distance covered in the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and demographic and lung function variables may help us better understand the mechanisms involved in reduced functional exercise capacity in obesity. To explore the determinants of the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and evaluate the influence of lung function on the distance covered, 263 obese Brazilian women performed the 6MWT and underwent spirometry and respiratory muscle strength measurement. The mean age was 41.8±11.1 years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 45±8 kg/m 2 . The 6MWD showed correlations with height (r=0.319), age (r=-0.281), weight (r=-0.370), BMI (r=-0.561), forced vital capacity (FVC, r=0.443), expiratory peak flow (r=0.278), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP, r=0.326), and maximal expiratory pressure (r=0.259), all with P<0.0001. In the stepwise forward regression analysis, BMI, FVC, age, and MIP were the independent predictive variables for 6MWD, explaining 41% of its variability. The reference equation including lung function was as follows: 6MWD (m) = 513.6 - (4.439 × BMI kg/m2 ) + (1.136 × FVC %predicted ) - (1.048 × age yrs ) + (0.544 × MIP %predicted ). Thus, the inclusion of lung function in a reference equation for 6MWD contributes to a better prediction of the distance covered in this population.

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“…Obesity is a chronic disease that has reached epidemic proportions in children and adults; it is currently the fifth leading risk factor for mortality [ 1 ]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has been growing at an alarming rate in the last decade and is becoming a significant public health problem [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and systemic effects of whole body electrical stimulation post bariatric surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

André

Basso-Vanelli

Thommazo-Luporini

et al. 2018

Trials

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BackgroundObesity represents a major public health problem and is the fifth leading risk factor for mortality. Morbid obesity is associated with chronic systemic inflammation which increases the risk of comorbidities. Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered an effective intervention for obese patients. However, BS is associated with dietary restriction, potentially limiting physical activity. Whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation (WBS) could represent an innovative option for the rehabilitation of BS patients, especially during the early postoperative phase when other conventional techniques are contraindicated. WBS is a safe and effective tool to combat sarcopenia and metabolic risk as well as increasing muscle mass, producing greater glucose uptake, and reducing the proinflammatory state. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of WBS on body composition, functional capacity, muscle strength and endurance, insulin resistance, and pro- and anti-inflammatory circulating markers in obese patients undergoing BS.Methods/designThe present study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups clinical trial approved by the Ethics Committee of our Institution. Thirty-six volunteers (body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2) between 18 and 45 years of age will be randomized to the WBS group (WBSG) or control (Sham) group (ShamG) after being submitted to BS. Preoperative assessments will include maximal and submaximal exercise testing, body composition, blood inflammatory markers, and quadriceps strength and endurance. The second day after discharge, body composition will be evaluated and a 6-min walk test (6MWT) will be performed. The WBS or Sham protocol will consist of 30 daily sessions for 6 consecutive weeks. Afterwards, the same assessments that were performed in the preoperative period will be repeated.DiscussionConsidering the important role of WBS in skeletal muscle conditioning and its value as an aid in exercise performance, the proposed study will investigate this technique as a tool to promote early rehabilitation in these patients, and as a strategy to enhance exercise capacity, weight loss, and peripheral muscle strength with positive systemic effects. The present study is still ongoing, and data will be published after its conclusion.Trial registrationREBEC, RBR-99qw5h. Registered on 20 February 2015.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2844-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Correlation between Body Composition and Walking Capacity in Severe Obesity

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Reference Value for the Distance Walked in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Obese Brazilian Men in the Preoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery

Reference Value for the Distance Walked in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Obese Brazilian Men in the Preoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery

Contribution of lung function in predicting distance covered in the 6-min walk test in obese Brazilian women

Functional and systemic effects of whole body electrical stimulation post bariatric surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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