Cortical, subcortical and brain stem connections of the cerebellum via the superior and middle cerebellar peduncle in the rat

Çavdar, Safiye; Özgür, Merve; Kuvvet, Yasemin; Bay, Hüsniye Hacıoğlu; Aydoğmuş, Evren

doi:10.3233/jin-180090

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, collective data regarding the dento-thalamic connections is rather sparse. The majority published connections highly correspond (VPM, VPL, VL, Po, IL, PF, and VM) with our results (Aumann et al, 1994;Bentivoglio and Kuypers, 1982;Bernard et al, 2013;Cavdar et al, 2018;Faull and Carman, 1978;Middleton and Strick, 1997). Gornati et al (2018) reported that in vitro electrophysiological recordings revealed that optogenetic dentate nucleus stimulation resulted in enhanced charge transfer and action potential firing in VL neurons compared with VM or CL neurons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

et al. 2019

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The thalamo-cortical circuit is important in the genesis of absence epilepsy. This circuit can be influenced by connecting pathways from various parts of central nervous system. The aim of the present study is to define the dento-thalamic connections in Wistar animals and compare the results with genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) using the biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracer. We injected BDA into the dentate nucleus of 13 (n = 6 Wistar and n = 7 GAERS) animals. The dento-thalamic connections in the Wistar animals were denser and were connected to a wider range of thalamic nuclei compared with GAERS. The dentate nucleus was bilaterally connected to the central (central medial [CM], paracentral [PC]), ventral (ventral medial [VM], ventral lateral [VL], and ventral posterior lateral [VPL]), and posterior (Po) thalamic nuclei in Wistar animals. The majority of these connections were dense contralaterally and scarce ipsilaterally. Contralateral connections were present with the parafascicular (PF), ventral posterior medial, ventral anterior (VA), and central lateral (CL) thalamic nuclei in Wistar animals. Whereas in GAERS, bilateral connections were observed with the VL and CM. Contralateral connections were present with the PC, VM, VA, and PF thalamic nuclei in GAERS. The CL, VPL, and Po thalamic nucleus connections were not observed in GAERS. The present study showed weak/deficit dento-thalamic connections in GAERS compared with control Wistar animals. The scarce information flow from the dentate nucleus to thalamus in GAERS may have a deficient modulatory role on the thalamus and thus may affect modulation of the thalamo-cortical circuit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

et al. 2019

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“…Both parts receive input from all cerebellar nuclei, although the magnocellular portion receives mainly input from the interposed nucleus [11,65,67,77,95,110,111,[217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224], and the parvocellular part predominantly from the dentate nucleus [65,79,110,111,117,218,220,221,225]. Other studies confirm these cerebello-rubral projections, although they do not take the subdivisions into account [32,34,48,54,55,64,83,85,93,105,121,217,[226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237]…”

Section: Red Nucleus (Rn)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These areas contain a large proportion of serotonergic neurons and are involved in many functions such as emotion, response to stress, reward, regulation of appetite, movement, sexual behavior, sleep, respiration, and pain perception [59,[61][62][63]. The obscurus and magnus nuclei, but not the pallidus nucleus, receive input from the cerebellum, with all three cerebellar nuclei contributing to this output [32,34,55,[64][65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Medullary Reticular Formation (Rf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Direct Outputs from the Cerebellum to the Brainstem and Diencephalon in Mammals

2022

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The cerebellum is involved in many motor, autonomic and cognitive functions, and new tasks that have a cerebellar contribution are discovered on a regular basis. Simultaneously, our insight into the functional compartmentalization of the cerebellum has markedly improved. Additionally, studies on cerebellar output pathways have seen a renaissance due to the development of viral tracing techniques. To create an overview of the current state of our understanding of cerebellar efferents, we undertook a systematic review of all studies on monosynaptic projections from the cerebellum to the brainstem and the diencephalon in mammals. This revealed that important projections from the cerebellum, to the motor nuclei, cerebral cortex, and basal ganglia, are predominantly di- or polysynaptic, rather than monosynaptic. Strikingly, most target areas receive cerebellar input from all three cerebellar nuclei, showing a convergence of cerebellar information at the output level. Overall, there appeared to be a large level of agreement between studies on different species as well as on the use of different types of neural tracers, making the emerging picture of the cerebellar output areas a solid one. Finally, we discuss how this cerebellar output network is affected by a range of diseases and syndromes, with also non-cerebellar diseases having impact on cerebellar output areas.

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“…For the change in AD value in the MCP, a previous case report proved that it is a large nerve bundle formed by afferent fibers from the contralateral pontine nuclei and that damage to it can cause tinnitus and hearing loss (Matsuda, Inagawa, & Amano, 1993). Moreover, Çavdar, Özgür, Kuvvet, Bay, and Aydogmus (2018) found in their study that the cerebellum connected the auditory cortices via the MCP, and Feng et al (2018) demonstrated that the cerebellum plays an important role in the dysfunction caused by tinnitus. In addition, Shelton et al (2017) reported that changes in the WM microstructure in the MCP are associated with executive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Outcomes at 6 months are related to brain structural and white matter microstructural reorganization in idiopathic tinnitus patients treated with sound therapy

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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This study aimed to explore brain structural and white matter microstructural reorganization in the early stage of tinnitus and identify brain alterations that contribute to its relief after 6 months of sound therapy. We studied 64 patients with idiopathic tinnitus, including 29 patients who were categorized into an effective group (EG) and 35 who were categorized into an ineffective group (IG) according to the 6‐month follow‐up improvement of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score, along with 63 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent structural and diffusion tensor imaging scanning on a 3‐T magnetic resonance system. Differences in brain gray/white matter volume and white matter microstructure were evaluated using voxel‐based morphometry analysis and tract‐based spatial statistics among the three groups. Associations between brain reorganization and the improvement of tinnitus symptoms were also investigated. Compared with EG patients, IG patients experienced a significant gray matter volume decrease in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG)/right precentral gyrus (PreCG). Meanwhile, both EG and IG patients showed significant changes (decrease or increase) in brain white matter integrity in the auditory‐related or nonauditory‐related white matter fiber tracts compared with HCs, while EG patients showed decreased axial diffusivity in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) compared with IG patients. We combined the gray matter change of the MFG/PreCG and the white matter integrity of the bilateral MCP as an imaging indicator to evaluate the patient's prognosis and screen patients before treatment; this approach reached a sensitivity of 77.1% and a specificity of 82.8%. Our study suggests that there was a close relationship between brain reorganization and tinnitus improvement. The right MFG/PreCG and bilateral MCP may be indicators that can be used to predict prognoses in patients with idiopathic tinnitus and may be used to screen patients before sound therapy. These findings may provide new useful information that can lead to a better understanding of the tinnitus mechanism.

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Cortical, subcortical and brain stem connections of the cerebellum via the superior and middle cerebellar peduncle in the rat

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

A Systematic Review of Direct Outputs from the Cerebellum to the Brainstem and Diencephalon in Mammals

Outcomes at 6 months are related to brain structural and white matter microstructural reorganization in idiopathic tinnitus patients treated with sound therapy

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