Corticosterone binding globulin: an acute phase “negative” protein in the rat

Savu, Lia; Lombart, Christian; Nunez, E. A.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)80505-9

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nevertheless, our findings are consistent with previous studies showing that immune activation can alter plasma CBG 42,43) and analysis of free steroid shows that even with higher CBG levels, female neonates still exhibit a greater free plasma B signal compared to males (23). Acute inflammation following subcutaneous turpentine injections has been reported to reduce plasma CBG levels and liver mRNA for transcortin as well as m,,-globulin in both adult males and females (42,43). It should be noted, however, that it is not clear from the present data whether the alterations in CBG reflect changes in hepatic CBG synthesis or alternatively, whether they are due to altered clearance rates for CBG in male and female neonates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Activation Following Endotoxin Administration in the Developing Rat: A CRH‐Mediated Effect

Shanks

Meaney

1994

J Neuroendocrinology

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The present studies assessed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses following immune activation with endotoxin (i.p.) in three-day old Long Evans rats. Marked plasma corticosterone (B), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) responses and biphasic fluctuations in plasma glucose were maximal at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg. HPA responses peaked between 3-5 h following immune challenge and plasma ACTH and B responses were greater in female than in male rat pups. Plasma levels of corticosterone binding globulin (CBG) were reduced in males and substantially increased in females during the peak HPA response. Changes in plasma glucose were biphasic with slight increases when ACTH and B levels were maximal, but hypoglycemia was evident once plasma B levels returned to resting values. Endotoxin challenge reduced median eminence corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels at times corresponding with elevated HPA activity, and prior i.c.v. injection of the CRH antagonist, alpha-helical CRH, significantly attenuated elevations in plasma ACTH and B. In addition, alpha-helical CRH pretreatment completely blocked endotoxin-induced changes in plasma CBG in both males and females. These findings support the view that endotoxin-induced HPA activation in the neonate may occur via CRH.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Activation Following Endotoxin Administration in the Developing Rat: A CRH‐Mediated Effect

Shanks

Meaney

1994

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…These data are in keeping with previous studies showing decreased CBG levels following inflammation or septic shock [43,44]. CBG is thought to be a 'negative acute-phase protein' since levels of CBG and liver mRNA for transcortin are reduced during an acute phase or inflammatory reaction in rats [45,46]. It has been proposed that during inflammation CBG binding is reduced through interactions of the steroid-bound CBG complex with serine proteases that are released by activated neutrophils [47,48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses to Acute Endotoxemia in Suckling and Weaned Piglets

Kanitz

Tuchscherer

et al. 2002

Neonatology

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The objective of this study was to characterize effects of weaning stress on behavioural, endocrine and immune responses to acute peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in neonatal pigs. Weaning in 28-day-old piglets was accompanied by a significant increase in ACTH concentrations (p = 0.0378) and an increase in basal cortisol level (p = 0.0135). There was also a significant suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation in response to concanavalin A (p = 0.0048) in newly weaned piglets. Peripheral administration of LPS induced vomiting, diarrhoea and somnolence in both suckling and weaned piglets. The frequency of these signs of sickness was significantly higher in weaned piglets compared with suckling piglets (p = 0.0049). Additionally, LPS significantly increased plasma concentrations of TNF-α, cortisol and ACTH. While weaned piglets reacted to LPS with a higher release of ACTH (p = 0.0239) and cortisol (p = 0.0015) than suckling piglets there was no significant effect of weaning on the magnitude of TNF-α. The present data indicate that weaning suppresses the lymphocyte function, causes changes in endocrine regulation and has a substantial effect on the behavioural and endocrine response to an acute peripheral LPS challenge; consequently it could increase disease susceptibility.

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“…We have not only confirmed these findings, but also observed that lipopolysaccharide did not affect CBG levels in the lactating animals. It has been reported that CBG is a ‘negative acute phase protein’ and that levels of CBG and liver mRNA for transcortin are reduced during an acute phase or inflammatory reaction in both adult male and female rats ( 40, 41). It has been proposed that during inflammation CBG binding is reduced through interactions of the steroid bound CBG complex with serine proteases that are released by activated neutrophils ( 42–44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis Response to Endotoxin is Attenuated During Lactation

Shanks

Windle

Perks

et al. 1999

J Neuroendocrinology

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Pregnancy and lactation are times of prolonged physiological changes affecting the neuroendocrine and immunological systems. One well-characterized change is the neuroendocrine hyporesponsiveness to acute stressful stimuli. We have now designed studies to see whether there is an alteration in the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to an immunological inflammatory challenge and to ascertain whether lactating animals show altered neural and endocrine responses to inflammatory stimuli. Lactating (day 9-12 postpartum) or virgin control Sprague-Dawley female rats were injected with either 200 microg of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS ) or sterile saline given i.p. Trunk blood or jugular blood was collected from the animals at 2 h or hourly over 6 h after injection. Both plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone concentrations were significantly higher in saline treated lactating animals compared with the virgin group. LPS significantly elevated circulating levels of plasma ACTH and corticosterone in both virgin and lactating animals compared with saline controls, however, hormone responses to LPS were significantly reduced in lactating animals relative to virgin controls. Corticosterone-binding globulin concentrations were lower in lactating animals compared to virgin animals and LPS decreased concentrations in virgin, but not lactating rats. Analysis of cfos mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus revealed that 2 h following injection there was a increase in cfos expression only in the virgin animals treated with LPS, compared to all other treatment conditions. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA expression was overall greater in virgin animals, but was increased to similar extent in both virgin and lactating animals treated with LPS. Primary arginine vasopressin (AVP) mRNA transcripts were increased 2 h following LPS injection, but a greater increase in expression was seen in virgin animals. These data demonstrate that there is a lower level of free circulating glucocorticoid in response to inflammatory stimuli and suggests that communication between the immune and endocrine systems may be altered during lactation.

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Corticosterone binding globulin: an acute phase “negative” protein in the rat

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Activation Following Endotoxin Administration in the Developing Rat: A CRH‐Mediated Effect

Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Activation Following Endotoxin Administration in the Developing Rat: A CRH‐Mediated Effect

Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses to Acute Endotoxemia in Suckling and Weaned Piglets

The Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis Response to Endotoxin is Attenuated During Lactation

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