Costs Of Treating Cardiovascular Events In Germany: A Systematic Literature Review

Zhang

et al. 2019

INQUIRY

In large proportions of rural areas in many developing countries, health care delivery system is less developed and is less likely to be equipped to conduct sophisticated treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients locally. This study aims at describing the status quo of and exploring factors associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals where only drug therapy was available for CHD conditions. We collected data of inpatients with CHD from discharge records from 10 township hospitals in rural Liaoning from December 2013 to December 2014. We used multilevel linear regression to analyze the factors associated with CHD hospitalization costs. A total of 4635 inpatients were included in the analysis. We found that the average hospitalization costs were 6249.97 RMB (US$1012.47) with the average of 8.89 days of hospitalization in township hospitals in Liaoning. Age, gender, length of stay, the number of times of admissions, by which route was hospitalized, and type of CHD were all the factors significantly associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals. The factors associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals in rural China showed some different features from the existing studies. When the government designs the related policy, the policy makers need to consider the specific feature of hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals in rural areas.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Hospitalization Costs of Coronary Heart Disease in Township Hospitals in Rural China

Zhang

et al. 2019

INQUIRY

Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

“…(22) Schmid 2015 yılında, 2003 yılından sonra Almanya'da kardiyovasküler hastalıkların tedavi edilmesinin doğrudan tıbbi maliyetlerine ilişkin bireysel kanıtları hasta bazında sistematik olarak derleyerek, bu hastalıkların Alman sağlık sistemi üzerinde yüksek mali etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşmıştır. (23) Çalışmamızda da, literatürde yapılan çalışmaları destekler sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. İncelenen dönemde OECD ülkelerinde kronik solunum yolu harcamaları ile sağlık harcamaları arasında anlamlı pozitif yönlü ilişkiler bulgulanmıştır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Kronik Solunum Yolu Hastalıkları ve Sağlık Harcamaları: Panel Regresyon Analizi

Boz

ZÜLFİKAR

2021

Introduction:The aim of this study is to examine the effect of chronic respiratory diseases, which is one of the noncommunicable diseases, on health expenditures using the static panel regression method. Methods: The static panel data methodology was used in the study. The data set consists of annual data from 36 OECD countries covering the period 2004-2017. STATA 13.0 program was used for analysis. Results: It was concluded that the logarithm of the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases has an econometrically significant and positive effect on the logarithm of the total amount of health expenditure per capita by purchasing power parity, on the logarithm of the total amount of public health expenditure per capita, and on the logarithm of total OOP spending per capita. Conclusion: Chronic respiratory diseases, which are among noncommunicable diseases, pose financial risks in both developed and developing countries and threaten the financial continuity and effectiveness of health systems.

“…diabetes and hypertension [15]. Treatment costs for non-fatal cardiovascular events were extracted from peer-reviewed publications [16,17]. The annual treatment costs of the "Alive with CVD" were estimated at €8,088.…”

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Lipid-Lowering Therapies for Cardiovascular Prevention in Germany

Michaeli

Boch

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther

Purpose Novel pharmaceutical treatments reducing cardiovascular events in dyslipidaemia patients must demonstrate clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness to promote long-term adoption by patients, physicians, and insurers. Objective To assess the cost-effectiveness of statin monotherapy compared to additive lipid-lowering therapies for primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention from the perspective of Germany’s healthcare system. Methods Transition probabilities and hazard ratios were derived from cardiovascular outcome trials for statin combinations with icosapent ethyl (REDUCE-IT), evolocumab (FOURIER), alirocumab (ODYSSEY), ezetimibe (IMPROVE-IT), and fibrate (ACCORD). Costs and utilities were retrieved from previous literature. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was simulated with a Markov cohort model. The main outcomes were the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Results For primary prevention, the addition of icosapent ethyl to statin generated 0.81 QALY and €14,732 costs (ICER: 18,133), whereas fibrates yielded 0.63 QALY and € − 10,516 costs (ICER: − 16,632). For secondary prevention, the addition of ezetimibe to statin provided 0.61 QALY at savings of € − 5,796 (ICER: − 9,555) and icosapent ethyl yielded 0.99 QALY and €14,333 costs (ICER: 14,485). PCSK9 inhibitors offered 0.55 and 0.87 QALY at costs of €62,722 and €87,002 for evolocumab (ICER: 114,639) and alirocumab (ICER: 100,532), respectively. A 95% probability of cost-effectiveness was surpassed at €20,000 for icosapent ethyl (primary and secondary prevention), €119,000 for alirocumab, and €149,000 for evolocumab. Conclusions For primary cardiovascular prevention, a combination therapy of icosapent ethyl plus statin is a cost-effective use of resources compared to statin monotherapy. For secondary prevention, icosapent ethyl, ezetimibe, evolocumab, and alirocumab increase patient benefit at different economic costs.