Cotton Production in Pakistan

Ali, Muhammad Amjad; Farooq, Jehanzeb; Batool, Ayesha; Zahoor, Adil; Azeem, Farrukh; Mahmood, Abid; Jabran, Khawar

doi:10.1002/9781119385523.ch12

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Different studies have reported a continuous decline in cotton productivity in Pakistan for the past 03 years (Ashraf et al 2018;Ali et al 2019b;Rana et al 2020;Jamil et al 2021). Whereas some model-based future predictions are pointing out that this trend will continue for another four to five years (Ashraf et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity Assessment of GM Cotton Genotypes for Protection of Plant Breeder Rights

Jamil¹

2021

IJAB

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DNA fingerprinting is rapid, easy, and efficient method for discrimination, identification and characterization of various genotypes for protection of plant breeder’s rights (PBRs). Present study was designed for DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity assessment of 25 GM cotton genotypes (possessing Cry1Ac gene) using 297 SSR markers through conventional PCR and Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Out of 297 SSR markers, 25 markers were not amplified, 28 were monomorphic and 244 were polymorphic. A total of 1537 alleles were amplified among which 1294 (84.18%) were polymorphic. PIC value in our study ranged from 0.08 to 0.93 with an average of 0.73. Unique allelic pattern was observed for nineteen genotypes whereas six genotypes were identified using two-step identification methods. The UPGMA dendrogram divided the genotypes into two distinct clusters. Cluster I was comprised of 20 genotypes whereas cluster II was comprised of four genotypes. MNH-1020 did not obey any clustering and remained separated. The results of the structure analysis were complementary to cluster analysis and the population was divided into two subgroups. Our results evidenced narrow genetic base of the cotton genotypes cultivated in Punjab Pakistan due to use of common parents in the pedigree/parentage. Further, we proposed a core set of markers for future DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity studies. The information generated in this study will be helpful in variety registration and subsequent protection under PBRs. Further our findings will be useful in selection of SSR markers for future studies which are focused on DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity assessment. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity Assessment of GM Cotton Genotypes for Protection of Plant Breeder Rights

Jamil¹

2021

IJAB

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“…It is the main source of fiber, oil and feed for livestock (M. A. Ali et al, 2019;R. P. Singh et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of biochemical, fiber yield and quality traits of upland cotton under high-temperature

Manan

Zafar

Ren

et al. 2021

Plant Production Science

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To understand the effect of heat stress on morphology and physiology of the cotton, eight cotton genotypes with their 15F1 hybrids (five lines, three testers) were grown in the field conditions under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two treatments i.e. normal and hightemperature stresses with two replications followed by split-plot arrangement. Data were collected for biochemical and yield-related parameters. Mean values of all studied traits were reduced significantly under high-temperature stress whilst the mean value of lint%, catalase activity, total soluble proteins, peroxidase, and carotenoids were increased under high-temperature. Under both conditions, the number of bolls, boll weight, seed cotton yield, lint index, seed mass per boll, hydrogen peroxide content, catalase activity, total soluble proteins, carotenoids, and chlorophyll contents had high heritability values along with high genetic advance percent mean which revealed, these traits were controlled by additive gene action. The lint%, seed index, short fiber index, fiber strength, fiber fineness, upper half mean length and peroxidase activity had high heritability with moderate genetic advance under heat stress conditions which showed, these traits were controlled by non-additive gene action. Under both temperature conditions, FH-458, IUB-65, CRS-2, and FH-313 were good general combiners for physicochemical and yield-related traits. The cross combination of IUB-013× CRS-2 and FH-458× FH-313 were good specific combiner for plant height and seed cotton yield whilst for fiber quality and biochemical traits, the best specific combiners were VH-329× FH-313 and IUB-013× CRS-2. These identified parents and cross combinations might be used for improving already present commercial varieties under high-temperature stress.

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“…Gossypium hirsutum (90%) (high-yielding characteristics and early cultivation system, Campbell et al, 2010 ) and Gossypium barbadense (8%) (extralong staple fiber source, Wang et al, 2015 ) play a very important role in cotton production due to their high yield potential and competitive benefit to cotton textiles producers ( Hu et al, 2019 ). According to the 2019 report survey, India, China, United States, Pakistan, Brazil, Australia, Uzbekistan, and Turkey are included in the list of top cotton-producing countries ( Ali et al, 2019 ). Although Pakistan is placed among the globally top 5 cotton-producing countries, on the other hand, its yield lags behind other top most countries due to low yield per unit area and increasing cotton import.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Cotton Genotypes Under Various Salinity Stress Levels During Early Growth Stage

2021

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Cotton is a primary agriculture product important for fiber use in textiles and the second major oil seed crop. Cotton is considered as moderately tolerant to salt stress with salinity threshold of 7.7 dS/m at seedling stage. Salinity causes reduction in the growth of seedlings and cotton production that limits fiber quality and cotton yield. In this study, initially, 22 cotton genotypes were screened for relative salt tolerance using germination test in Petri plates (growth chamber). Selected 11 genotypes were further tested in pot experiment (sand) with 0, 15, and 20 dS/m NaCl treatments under glass house conditions. At four-leaves stage, different morphological and physiological traits were measured for all genotypes while biochemical analysis was performed on selected seven highly tolerant and sensitive genotypes. NaCl treatment significantly reduced plant biomass in two genotypes IR-NIBGE-13 and BS-2018, while NIAB-135, NIAB-512, and GH-HADI had least difference in fresh weight between the control and NaCl-treated plants. Photosynthetic rate was maintained in all the genotypes with the exception of SITARA-16. In two sensitive genotypes (IR-NIBGE-13 and 6071/16), Na+ ion accumulated more in leaves as compared to K+ ion under stress conditions, and an increase in Na+/K+ ratio was also observed. The lesser accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and higher activity of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in stressed plants of NIAB-135, NIAB-512, and FH-152 indicated that these genotypes had adaption capacity for salinity stress in comparison with sensitive genotypes, i.e., IR-NIBGE-13 and 6071/16. The observed salt tolerance was corelated with plant biomass maintenance (morphological), photosynthetic rate, and ionic homeostasis (K+/Na+ ratio, physiological) and biochemical stress marker regulations. After a series of experiments, it was concluded that NIAB-135, NIAB-512, and FH-152 could be utilized in breeding programs aimed at improving salinity tolerance in cotton and can expand cotton cultivation in saline area.

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Cotton Production in Pakistan

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity Assessment of GM Cotton Genotypes for Protection of Plant Breeder Rights

DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity Assessment of GM Cotton Genotypes for Protection of Plant Breeder Rights

Genetic analysis of biochemical, fiber yield and quality traits of upland cotton under high-temperature

Differential Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Cotton Genotypes Under Various Salinity Stress Levels During Early Growth Stage

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