Counselor trainee anxiety during counseling.

Abstract

Physiological and subjective anxiety measures were assessed to determine if counselor trainees experienced greater anxiety levels during a counseling interview than during a conversation. Twenty-eight counselor trainee volunteers from a graduate level practicum course participated in 10-minute conversation and counseling sessions. Anxiety was assessed by self-report, skin conductance, and heart rate measures. Results indicated that on two of three indicants of anxiety, trainees were more anxious during counseling than during conversing: Covariance analyses indicated significant treatment and interaction effects for conductance data, no significant effects for heart rate data, and a significant treatment effect for self-report data. Habituation heart rate and conductance data were highly related to respective physiological data during anticipation and stimulus periods, and preexperimental selfreport data were moderately related to postexperimental self-report data. Results suggest that counselor trainees are more anxious during counseling than during conversing; that trainees' expectations account for much of their anxiety; and that habituation physiological and self-report data may be useful in identifying trainees who will experience anxiety during a counseling interview.

Effects of Tape‐Recording & Supervisory Evaluation on Counselor Trainee Anxiety Levels

“…Thus, these instruments appear to have high face validity when compared to instruments providing a general assessment of state anxiety. Further evidence of validity is found in the nonsignificant low positive correlations between scores on these instruments and physiological data , 1979Bowman, Roberts, & Giesen, 1978). These results are consistent with literature that reports that although physiological and verbal/cognitive dimensions of anxiety are related to some degree, they show a marked degree of independence from one another (Mathews, 1971).…”

Comparing the Effects of Live Supervision Interventions on Novice Trainee Anxiety and Anger

“…State anxiety was not significantly different over time. These results do not support conclusions that counseling sessions cause anxiety for CITs Bowman & Roberts, 1979a;Bowman & Roberts, 1979b;Diblin, 1969;Kaplan, 1983;Mooney & Carlson, 1976), either anticipatory anxiety or pervasive anxiety (Bernard & Goodyear, 1992;Ronnestad & Skovholt, 1993;Skovholt & Ronnestad, 1992).…”

“…Some empirical studies about novice CIT anxiety have supported these perspectives including those by Bowman, Roberts and Giesen (1978) and 1979a;1979b) who found that CITs were more anxious during counseling than during reading or noncounseling conversations. Olk and Friedlander (1992), in a qualitative study, found that novice CITs were more anxious about evaluation and discussing personal concerns and doubts, and more dependent upon faculty supervisor evaluations than doctoral CITs.…”

Exploration of Counselor Self-Efficacy Across Academic Training

“…The finding from Barbee, Scherer, and Combs (2003) of an inverse relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety is an interesting one that has received empirical support from other researchers (Bowman & Roberts, 1979;Friedlander, Keller, Peca-Baker, & Olk, 1986). According to Bandura, selfefficacy relates to one's ability to deal with stressful or anxiety-provoking situations; with increasing self-efficacy, one's belief that he or she can deal with anxiety/arousal also increases (Bandura, 1993).…”