“…Nardo, Petracco-Giudici, and Naltsidis (2016) review the literature and conclude that while there is merit in using online news to predict changes in financial markets, the gains from implementing such an approach are usually less than 5%. However, Ranco et al (2016) find substantial benefit in coupling news sentiment with web browsing data. Some studies (Dhar, 2014;Kao, Shyu, & Huang, 2015;Zheludev, Smith, & Aste, 2014) have also incorporated non-traditional online sources of information such as social media, blogs, and forums, and proposed many questions for future research.…”