Coupling of pulsed 0.35-μm laser radiation to aluminum alloys

Rosen, David I.; Mitteldorf, J.; Kothandaraman, G.; Pirri, A. N.; Pugh, E. R.

doi:10.1063/1.331018

Cited by 110 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…2 (Refs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Figure 2 predicts that diodes with pulse durations at least 0.2-1 ms will be able to produce plasma jets.…”

Section: Plasma Formation With Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode laser-driven microthrusters - a new departure for micropropulsion

Phipps¹,

Luke²

2002

AIAA Journal

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We developed an entirely new type of orientation thruster for micro-and nanosatellites. The laser plasma thruster is based on the recent commercial availability of diode lasers with sufficient brightness and 100% duty cycle to produce a repetitively pulsed or continuous vapor or plasma jet on a surface in vacuum. A low-voltage semiconductor switch can drive the laser. A lens focuses the laser diode output on the ablation target, producing a miniature jet that provides the thrust. Single-impulse dynamic range is nearly five orders of magnitude, and the minimum impulse bit is 1 nN/s in a 100-µs pulse. Even with diffraction-limited focusing optics, at least 0.5-W optical power is needed to produce thrust from selected ablator materials. Thrust-to-power ratio C m is 50 to 100 µN/W and specific impulse I sp is 200-500 s with a 1-W laser, depending partially on the illumination mode. Transmission and reflection (R) illumination modes are discussed. R mode gives about 50% better I sp and two times better C m . Improved results are anticipated from higher laser power in the reflection mode. The prototype engine we are developing is intended to provide lifetime on-orbit steering for a 5-kg satellite, as well as reentering it from low Earth orbit.

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“…2 (Refs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Figure 2 predicts that diodes with pulse durations at least 0.2-1 ms will be able to produce plasma jets.…”

Section: Plasma Formation With Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode laser-driven microthrusters - a new departure for micropropulsion

Phipps¹,

Luke²

2002

AIAA Journal

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“…The picture of the phenomena involved took very quickly a well definite character and is still appropriate nowadays [34,35]. The absorption of radiation from a solid can be treated by considering the absorption depth a = 4pn 2 /k, n 2 being the imaginary part of the refractive index of the material.…”

Section: Heating and Meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More detailed derivations [35] can be obtained by considering heat diffusion in one dimension when the size of the laser spot is larger than diffusion length d d . The heat diffusion equation along the direction z is here implemented by the laser source term:…”

Section: Heating and Meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser–Matter Interaction in LIBS Experiments

Malvezzi

2014

Springer Series in Optical Sciences

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Some of the physical processes occurring during the formation and expansion of the laser induced plasma are briefly reviewed. Their knowledge elucidates the role of the various effects in the energy flow from the laser pulse to the observed spectroscopic quantities, the parameters of interest in LIBS measurements, via all the intermediate mechanisms such as electron and ion heating, thermal diffusion, plasma formation, expansion, and particle ablation and kinetics.

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“…Initially, ionization enhances the thrust coupling coefficient because, despite requiring more energy to ionize the plume, increased absorption by the plume increases the thermal coupling coefficient (Rosen et al, 1982). Using the same estimation as Phipps (2014), we assumed a single stage ionization (Z=1) and injected the relevant values in Eq.…”

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical multi-criteria evaluation of non-nuclear asteroid deflection methods

Thiry

Vasile

2017

Acta Astronautica

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/61691/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the AbstractIn this paper we assess and compare the effectiveness of four classes of nonnuclear asteroid deflection methods applied to a wide range of virtual collision scenarios. We consider the kinetic impactor, laser ablation, the ion beaming technique and two variants of the gravity tractor. A simple but realistic model of each deflection method was integrated within a systematic approach to size the spacecraft and predict the achievable deflection for a given mission and a given maximum mass at launch. A sample of 100 synthetic asteroids was then created from the current distribution of NEAs and global optimisation methods were used to identify the optimal solution in each case according to two criteria: the minimum duration between the departure date and the time of virtual impact required to deflect the NEA by more than two Earth radii and the maximum miss-distance achieved within a total duration of 10 years. Our results provide an interesting insight into the range of applicability of individual deflection methods and argue the need to develop multiple methods in parallel for a global mitigation of all possible threats.

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Coupling of pulsed 0.35-μm laser radiation to aluminum alloys

Cited by 110 publications

References 11 publications

Diode laser-driven microthrusters - a new departure for micropropulsion

Diode laser-driven microthrusters - a new departure for micropropulsion

Laser–Matter Interaction in LIBS Experiments

Statistical multi-criteria evaluation of non-nuclear asteroid deflection methods

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