Coupling reaction of CO2 and propylene oxide catalyzed by DMC with co-complexing agents incorporated via ball milling

Synthesis of vegetable-oil based polymer by terpolymerization of epoxidized soybean oil, propylene oxide and carbon dioxide

“…Analysis of the products by GPC revealed the M n for all samples prepared ranges between 1983 g/mol to 6498 g/mol. These values are comparable with the M n reported elsewhere (Dai et al, 2016;Guo and Lin, 2014;Wei et al, 2013). Considering the starting material used for this reaction comprises of a mixture of natural ESO and commercial PO, thus this has shown a good indication of the viability of natural ESO as a precursor for the synthesis of vegetable oil based polymer.…”

“…The ν(CN) shift to higher frequency is in a good agreement with report by Dharman et al (2008) which suggest that CN − acts as σ-donor by donating electrons to the Co 3 + and as a π-electron donor by chelating to Zn 2 + , which is responsible for raising the (CN) value (Dharman et al, 2008). The presence of complexing agent tert-bu tanol, was verified by the OH stretching vibration absorption and C H stretching vibration absorption at approximate 3482 cm − 1 and 2985 cm − 1 respectively (Guo and Lin, 2014).…”

Zn–Cr double metal cyanide catalysts synthesized by ball milling for the copolymerization of CO2/propylene oxide, phthalic anhydride/propylene oxide, and CO2/propylene oxide/phthalic anhydride

“…It is worth noting that the Zn-Cr DMC catalysts prepared in this work by employing ball mill is competitive with that synthesized in the traditional way as reported in recent literatures, with regard to catalytic activity, selectivity and product properties in the polymerizations of CO 2 /PO, PA /PO, CO 2 / PO/PA [6,7,9]. Mn and narrower PDI are a good indication of the merit of ball milling for DMC synthesis [11].…”

“…The mechanical grinding is of great interest in inorganic and organic synthesis, cocrystals and even successful industrialization in pharmaceutical aspects [10]. Previously, we reported this strikingly efficient and practically applicable technique for DMC synthesis, mainly on Zn-Co and Zn-Fe series with a little co-complexing agents in terms of free or limited solvent employed, which reveals a clear shortcut and these catalysts were useful for the copolymerization of CO 2 and propylene oxide (PO) [11][12][13][14]. Zn-Cr DMC was first reported by ball milling here as a new type of DMC.…”

Effect of Zn/Co initial preparation ratio in the activity of double metal cyanide catalysts for propylene oxide and CO2 copolymerization

“…As a kind of potential approach, one of the most promising areas for CO2 is its application as a material for polymer synthesis [6]. Without the intention of competing against natural CO2 fixation in flora, polycarbonates can be synthesized through the technologically viable process of CO2 fixation by coupling CO2 and epoxides with the presence of hetero or homogeneous catalysts [7], [8], [9]. These final polycarbonate products have been proposed as low toxicity and biodegradable alternatives for packaging, engineering polymers and elastomers [8], receiving much more attention because they exhibited good mechanical properties [5].…”