COVID-19 and household water insecurities in vulnerable communities in the Mekong Region

Lebel, Louis; Navy, Hap; Siharath, Phoummixay; Long, Chau Thi Minh; Aung, Nilar; Lebel, Phimphakan; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Lebel, Boripat

doi:10.1007/s10668-022-02182-0

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…There was widespread agreement among residents and officials that women were more vulnerable and impacted more by COVID-19 than menin line with expectations (Adams et al 2021). Women use water in the household for cooking and cleaning, and were more likely to follow good handwashing hygiene practices (Lebel et al 2022). Experts and officials, however, said very little about the roles of women in addressing water-related difficulties, or the benefits to women of solutions proposed or adopted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stakeholder Perspectives on COVID-19 and Household Water Access in Vulnerable Communities in the Mekong Region

Lebel

Aung

Long³

et al. 2022

Environmental Management

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The COVID-19 pandemic has underlined the importance of safe access to sufficient clean water in vulnerable communities, renewing interest in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programs and related targets under Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). The purpose of this study was to better understand the obstacles to water access in vulnerable communities and identify ways they might be addressed in five countries in the Mekong Region (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam). To this end, qualitative interviews with 50 government officials and development or health experts were complimented with a quantitative survey of the experiences and views of individuals in 15 vulnerable communities. There were several key findings. First, difficulties in accessing sufficient clean water for drinking and hygiene persist in certain vulnerable communities, including informal urban settlements, remote minority villages, and migrant worker camps. Second, limited rights, high prices, and remote locations were common obstacles to household access to improved water sources. Third, seasonal differences in the availability of clean water, alongside other disruptions to supply such as restrictions on movement in COVID-19 responses, drove households towards lower quality sources. Fourth, there are multiple threats to water quality from source to consumption that should be addressed by monitoring, treatment, and watershed protection. Fifth, stakeholder groups differ from each other and residents of vulnerable communities regarding the significance of water access, supply and quality difficulties, and how they should be addressed. The paper ends with a set of program suggestions addressing these water-related difficulties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For drinking water, for example, this included "having to drink water that smelt, looked or tasted bad," disrupted delivery, water becoming more expensive, and being impacted by drought. A more detailed description of the data collection methods, and an analysis of the full quantitative survey appears in a companion paper (Lebel et al 2022).…”

Section: Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholder Perspectives on COVID-19 and Household Water Access in Vulnerable Communities in the Mekong Region

Lebel

Aung

Long³

et al. 2022

Environmental Management

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“…Women often play a greater role than men in managing water supplies as they are the primary users of water in the household and are more likely to detect water insecurities. Women are also more burdened than men by household caregiving, including having larger roles in household food preparation [6,29,30]. This study explicitly considers some norms and cultural indicators related to fetching water, time taken for such collection, and caregiving of family members to better estimate the differences in climate change vulnerability of farm households in the coastline areas of Myanmar and Vietnam.…”

Section: Theoretical Conceptualisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Vulnerability of Households Led by Men and Women to the Impacts of Climate-Related Natural Disasters in the Coastal Areas of Myanmar and Vietnam

Oo,

Cho,

Minh

2024

Climate

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Farm households along the coastlines of Myanmar and Vietnam are becoming increasingly vulnerable to flooding, saltwater intrusion, and rising sea levels. There is little information available on the relative vulnerability of men- and women-headed households, and the governments of Myanmar and Vietnam have not identified or implemented any adaptive measures aimed specifically at vulnerable peoples. This study aims to fill these gaps and assess the relative climate change vulnerability of men- and women-headed farm households. This study considers 599 farm households from two regions of Myanmar and 300 households from Thua Thien Hue province of Vietnam for the period 2021–2022. We offer a livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) analysis of men- and women-headed farm households using 46 indicators arranged into seven major components. The aggregate LVI scores indicate that farm households in Myanmar are more vulnerable (scores of 0.459 for men and 0.476 for women) to climate-related natural disasters than farm households in Vietnam (scores of 0.288 for men and 0.292 for women), regardless of the gender of the head of household. Total vulnerability indexing scores indicate that women-headed households are more vulnerable than men-headed households in both countries. Poor adaptive capacity and highly sensitive LVI dimensional scores explain the greater vulnerability of women-headed farm households. The findings also highlight the importance of the adaptive capacity components reflected in the LVI analysis in reducing farm households’ vulnerability.

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“…Study in Sumba, a region in east Indonesia who regularly face water scarcity 7-8 months a year, indicate that poor households should be the main target group of WASH interventions (Daniel, 2021). In vulnerable communities in the Mekong Region, need combination of shorter-term and longer-term measures addressing water access, supply, and quality difficulties to improve provisioning of clean water in normal times, as well as during epidemics (Lebel et al, 2022).…”

Section: Health Impact Issue and Policy Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difficulty Accessing Drinking Water during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Zahra¹,

Rachmat²,

Dharmayanti³

et al. 2023

jppipa, pendidikan ipa, fisika, biologi, kimia

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The problem of the availability of clean and safe water in Indonesia has increased during global climate change. The conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic also have an impact on increasing domestic water use. This study aims to assess drinking water access in household during COVID-19 pandemic. This study using data of National Household of Drinking Water Quality Survey. The survey conducted in 2020 of 21,829 household in Indonesia. Many households have increased water consumption, households for hand washing (49.6% HH), personal hygiene (37.2% HH), clean house (29.2% HH), and washing (33.9% HH). There are only 1.6% of HH have difficulty accessing drinking water source, 1.3% in urban area and 2.0% in rural area. The cause is 76.1% because of decreased water flow and 42.1% because of economic problems. Drinking water sources used by household who has difficulty accessing drinking water are piped water (26.8%), refill water (16.8%), and bore hole (13.6%). Only few of household difficult to access drinking water during COVID-19 pandemic, meanwhile there are increasingly of drinking water needs. It is suggested that the municipal government form a public-private partnership (PPP) to invest in immediate and long-term water infrastructure in order to strengthen the resilience of drinking water systems against future pandemics.

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COVID-19 and household water insecurities in vulnerable communities in the Mekong Region

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Stakeholder Perspectives on COVID-19 and Household Water Access in Vulnerable Communities in the Mekong Region

Stakeholder Perspectives on COVID-19 and Household Water Access in Vulnerable Communities in the Mekong Region

Assessment of the Vulnerability of Households Led by Men and Women to the Impacts of Climate-Related Natural Disasters in the Coastal Areas of Myanmar and Vietnam

Difficulty Accessing Drinking Water during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

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