COVID‐19 induced bradyarrhythmia and relative bradycardia: An overview

Douedi, Steven; Mararenko, Anton; Alshami, Abbas; Al-Azzawi, Mohammed; Ajam, Firas; Patel, Swapnil; Douedi, Hani; Calderon, Dawn

doi:10.1002/joa3.12578

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Bradyarrhythmias were more likely to be observed in centers in Asia, while atrial fibrillation was less common [44]. There has been some recognition that elderly COVID-19 patients may have an impaired heart rate response to fever [45]. Relative bradycardia, defined as heart rate less than 90 bpm and concomitant fever, was observed in 40 out of 110 retrospectively reviewed patients in Switzerland.…”

Section: Arrhythmiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?

Pillai

Lawson

2021

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

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Purpose of review Cardiovascular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is relatively common and portends an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury may exhibit significant overlap and result in diagnostic uncertainty. This review will summarize recent literature around cardiovascular complications of COVID-19. Recent findings Venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, and type II myocardial infarction are observed commonly in COVID-19, while severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral myocarditis remains quite rare. Although infrequent, COVID-19 vaccination has been associated with myocarditis and pericarditis in young individuals. Summary Various forms of COVID-19-related myocardial injury have been associated with increased utilization of mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic deterioration, and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury in COVID-19 are varied, but share common drivers of illness including sequelae of sepsis, immune-mediated factors, and a prothrombotic state. Understanding the forms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 may aid in rapid diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Arrhythmiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?

Pillai

Lawson

2021

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

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“…Cardiac complications are known to be associated with the COVID-19 disease caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ( Cizgici et al, 2020 ; Huang et al, 2020 ; Kochi et al, 2020 ; Long et al, 2020 ; Shi et al, 2020 ; Siripanthong et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Coromilas et al, 2021 ). An unusual feature that is sometimes seen in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 is the appearance of bradycardia, i.e., slow heart rate, or heart rate not increasing as expected with body temperature ( Ikeuchi et al, 2020 ; Capoferri et al, 2021 ; Douedi et al, 2021 ; Oliva et al, 2021 ). Amaratunga et al (2020) found bradycardia in a study of 4 patients with confirmed COVID-19, with minimum pulse rates in the range 42–49 beats per minute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Occurrence of Relative Bradycardia and Relative Tachycardia in Individuals Diagnosed With COVID-19

Natarajan

Heneghan

2022

Front. Physiol.

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The COVID-19 disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become one of the worst global pandemics of the century. Wearable devices are well suited for continuously measuring heart rate. Here we show that the Resting Heart Rate is modified for several weeks following a COVID-19 infection. The Resting Heart Rate shows 3 phases: 1) elevated during symptom onset, with average peak increases relative to the baseline of 1.8% (3.4%) for females (males), 2) decrease thereafter, reaching a minimum on average ≈13 days after symptom onset, and 3) subsequent increase, reaching a second peak on average ≈28 days from symptom onset, before falling back to the baseline ≈112 days from symptom onset. All estimates vary with disease severity1.

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“…One proposed mechanism is that the cytokine storm produced by severe SARS-CoV-2 infection directly affects the sinoatrial node leading to bradycardia [20]. Previous studies have also reported that bradycardia in COVID-19 patients is not associated with hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, or medications that induce bradycardia [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between Young and Older Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study

Umeh¹,

Watanabe²,

Tuscher³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundOutcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 have been reported to be different in the young and elderly populations. However, previous studies examining these characteristics and differences in outcomes between the two groups had a small sample size. Therefore, in this study, we evaluate the differences between young and elderly patients using a large multicenter dataset. MethodologyWe conducted a retrospective study of 1,116 consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in southern California in the United States between March 2020 and March 2021. In this study, we categorized patients into two age groups: less than 65 years and 65 years and above. Finally, Kaplan-Meier and backward selection Cox multivariate regression analyses were done using mortality as the dependent variable. ResultsOur analysis showed increased survival in patients aged less than 65 years compared to those aged 65 years or above (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in patients aged 65 years and above, age (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05; p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (HR = 1.05; p < 0.001), and bradycardia (HR = 2.1; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with mortality. Similarly, CRP (HR 1.05; p = 0.02) was significantly associated with mortality in patients aged less than 65 years. However, contrary to many studies, being male (HR = 0.46; p = 0.002) was protective against mortality in patients aged less than 65 years. ConclusionsOur study showed that the predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients differed by age group. While age, CRP, and bradycardia were associated with mortality in those aged less than 65 years, only CRP was associated with mortality in those aged 65 years and above.

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COVID‐19 induced bradyarrhythmia and relative bradycardia: An overview

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?

Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?

Occurrence of Relative Bradycardia and Relative Tachycardia in Individuals Diagnosed With COVID-19

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between Young and Older Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study

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