COVID-19‒Related Childhood BMI Increases in China: A Health Surveillance‒Based Ambispective Cohort Analysis

Ge, Wenxin; Hu, Jia; Xiao, Yue; Liang, Fei; Yi, Liping; Zhu, Rushun; Yin, Jieyun

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.015

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In a study conducted in China, it was found that the prevalence of obesity in children increased from 12.29% in 2017 to 13.28% in 2019 and 15.29% in 2020. The increase in boys was found to be significant compared to girls ( 15 ). In another study conducted in the United States, it was found that weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 4–12 with overweight and obesity far exceeded the healthy weight gain for this age group ( 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Turkiye

Salman

Irlayici

Akçam

2022

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Objectives: To examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-age children in Isparta Province, Turkiye, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to compare the results with those of previous studies conducted in Isparta in 2005, 2009, and 2014. Methods: The study was carried out in schools in the city center of Isparta in March 2022, during which the weight and height of students were measured using a scale and stadiometer, and the body mass indices (BMI), BMI percentiles, and z scores were calculated. Results: Of the 8871 students assessed, 4547 (51.3%) were female and the mean age of the sample was 11.92 ± 3.42 (6–18.93) years. The prevalence of overweight was 12%, the prevalence of obesity was 14.5%, and the prevalence of overweight + obesity was 26.5%. A comparison of the figures since 2005 revealed the prevalence of overweight to be stable, while the prevalence of obesity and the prevalence of overweight + obesity were found to have witnessed a increase (χ 2 : 57.01, P < 0.001). The prevalence of obesity was 13% among girls under 11 years of age and 14.3% among girls over 11 years of age; and 18.2% and 12.8% among boys under and over 11 years of age, respectively (χ 2 : 23.26, P < 0.001). The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in boys under 11 years of age. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight + obesity was nearly stable in the 3 studies conducted over the 17-year period, but we witnessed an increase in our most recent study conducted during the pandemic. The prevalence of obesity is significantly higher in boys under 11 years of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Turkiye

Salman

Irlayici

Akçam

2022

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…Similarly, in Australia, the percentage of children with overweight or obesity aged 7–10 years increased from 20.7% in September 2019 to 26.2% in March 2021 20 . In China, the percentage of children with obesity increased from 13.3% in 2019 to 15.3% in 2020 21 . These studies suggest that dietary changes and decreased exercise time during the COVID‐19 pandemic and lockdown period have contributed to the increase in obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Trends in childhood obesity in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 2012 to 2021

Fujiwara,

Harada,

Hagiya

et al. 2023

Clinical Obesity

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SummaryThe persistent ascension of childhood obesity on a global scale constitutes a significant quandary. The prevalence of childhood obesity in Japan peaked in the early 2000s and has been reported to have declined since then, but recent data and its trend including the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic era are not available. Moreover, there is a dearth of studies examining the correlation between the trend in childhood obesity and exercise habits over the past decade. This study aims to examine the changes in the prevalence of obesity, physical fitness, and exercise habits over the past 10 years in Japanese children. We investigated the prevalence of childhood obesity in Japan, using the School Health Statistics Survey data from 2012 to 2021. The dataset has a sample size representative of children nationwide and includes variables for obesity, such as height, weight, and age. Data were classified into groups by sex and age (6–8, 9–11, and 12–14 years age). Children weighing 20% or more of the standard body weight are classified as obese. The annual percentage changes and average annual percentage changes were estimated using the joinpoint regression model. We also examined the trends in the physical fitness test score and exercise time. Average annual percentage changes of boys increased, especially in the 6‐ to 8‐year age group (3.4%–4.6%). For girls, average annual percentage changes had increased in 6‐ to 8‐year (2.5%–4.0%) and 9‐ to 11‐year (0.9%–2.2%) age groups. Since the late 2010s, significantly increasing annual percentage changes were observed in 12‐ to 14‐year age boys (6.7%–8.9%) and girls of many age groups (2.6%–8.6%). The physical fitness test score and exercise time showed decreasing trends since the late 2010s. Childhood obesity may have generally risen in Japan, in the last decade. Encouraging healthy eating and physical activity through school policies and curricula is necessary.

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“…Their review indicated that younger children showed a more marked weight gain than adolescents. They identified four studies that reported a greater weight gain in boys than girls, including two large Chinese cohort studies ( n = 207,536 [ 107 ] and n = 72,175 [ 108 ], respectively). Other studies identified an increased risk of weight gain associated with lower socioeconomic status and with Black and Hispanic ethnicities (see La Fauci et al (2022) [ 105 ] for individual citations).…”

Section: Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities

ÓhAiseadha

Quinn

Connolly³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around the world have adopted an array of measures intended to control the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health interventions that do not rely on vaccines or medicines and include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, and travel restrictions. Although the intention was to slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates that these NPIs have also had unintended consequences for other aspects of public health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review of studies investigating these unintended consequences of NPIs, with a particular emphasis on mental health and on lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCD): physical activity (PA), overweight and obesity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking. We reviewed the scientific literature using combinations of search terms such as ‘COVID-19′, ‘pandemic’, ‘lockdowns’, ‘mental health’, ‘physical activity’, and ‘obesity’. NPIs were found to have considerable adverse consequences for mental health, physical activity, and overweight and obesity. The impacts on alcohol and tobacco consumption varied greatly within and between studies. The variability in consequences for different groups implies increased health inequalities by age, sex/gender, socioeconomic status, pre-existing lifestyle, and place of residence. In conclusion, a proper assessment of the use of NPIs in attempts to control the spread of the pandemic should be weighed against the potential adverse impacts on other aspects of public health. Our findings should also be of relevance for future pandemic preparedness and pandemic response teams.

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COVID-19‒Related Childhood BMI Increases in China: A Health Surveillance‒Based Ambispective Cohort Analysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

The COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Turkiye

The COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Turkiye

Trends in childhood obesity in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 2012 to 2021

Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities

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