Creatine in Type 2 Diabetes

Gualano, Bruno; Painneli, Vitor De Salles; Roschel, Hamilton; Artioli, Guilherme Giannini; Neves, Manoel; Pinto, Ana Lúcia de Sá; Silva, Maria Elizabeth Rossi da; Cunha, Maria Rosária; Otaduy, Maria Concepción García; Leite, Cláudia da Costa; Ferreira, Julio Cesar Batista; Pereira, Rosa Maria Rodrigues; Brum, Patrícia Chakur; Bonfá, Eloísa; Lancha, Antônio Herbert

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181fcee7d

Cited by 82 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Moreover, we reported that 3 months of creatine supplementation had no deleterious effect on kidney function in post-menopausal women [9] and in type-2 diabetic patients [17], corroborating the safety of this supplement. The present data extend this notion to typical creatine consumers, suggesting that healthy resistance-trained individuals can “deal” with creatine supplementation even in combination with a higher level of protein intake (considering the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) of 0.8 g/Kg/d).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Does long-term creatine supplementation impair kidney function in resistance-trained individuals consuming a high-protein diet?

Lugaresi

Leme

Painelli

et al. 2013

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of creatine supplementation on kidney function in resistance-trained individuals ingesting a high-protein diet.MethodsA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. The participants were randomly allocated to receive either creatine (20 g/d for 5 d followed by 5 g/d throughout the trial) or placebo for 12 weeks. All of the participants were engaged in resistance training and consumed a high-protein diet (i.e., ≥ 1.2 g/Kg/d). Subjects were assessed at baseline (Pre) and after 12 weeks (Post). Glomerular filtration rate was measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance. Additionally, blood samples and a 24-h urine collection were obtained for other kidney function assessments.ResultsNo significant differences were observed for 51Cr-EDTA clearance throughout the trial (Creatine: Pre 101.42 ± 13.11, Post 108.78 ± 14.41 mL/min/1.73m2; Placebo: Pre 103.29 ± 17.64, Post 106.68 ± 16.05 mL/min/1.73m2; group x time interaction: F = 0.21, p = 0.64). Creatinine clearance, serum and urinary urea, electrolytes, proteinuria, and albuminuria remained virtually unchanged.ConclusionsA 12-week creatine supplementation protocol did not affect kidney function in resistance-trained healthy individuals consuming a high-protein diet; thus reinforcing the safety of this dietary supplement.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01817673

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Does long-term creatine supplementation impair kidney function in resistance-trained individuals consuming a high-protein diet?

Lugaresi

Leme

Painelli

et al. 2013

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Type 1 diabetic patients under poor glycemic control, common in low income or un-insured patients in the United States or in under-developed countries (67) exhibit detrimentally low intracellular energy metabolism and significant weight loss, leading to chronic fatigue and general body weakness. l -Cit may protect against diabetic muscle wasting via nutritional support, providing the precursor for creatine synthesis (68, 69). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

l-Citrulline Protects from Kidney Damage in Type 1 Diabetic Mice

et al. 2013

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Rationale: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease, associated with endothelial dysfunction. Chronic supplementation of l-arginine (l-arg), the substrate for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), failed to improve vascular function. l-Citrulline (l-cit) supplementation not only increases l-arg synthesis, but also inhibits cytosolic arginase I, a competitor of eNOS for the use of l-arg, in the vasculature.Aims: To investigate whether l-cit treatment reduces DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice and rats and to study its effects on arginase II (ArgII) function, the main renal isoform.Methods: STZ-C57BL6 mice received l-cit or vehicle supplemented in the drinking water. For comparative analysis, diabetic ArgII knock out mice and l-cit-treated STZ-rats were evaluated.Results: l-Citrulline exerted protective effects in kidneys of STZ-rats, and markedly reduced urinary albumin excretion, tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, and kidney hypertrophy, observed in untreated diabetic mice. Intriguingly, l-cit treatment was accompanied by a sustained elevation of tubular ArgII at 16 weeks and significantly enhanced plasma levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Diabetic ArgII knock out mice showed greater blood urea nitrogen levels, hypertrophy, and dilated tubules than diabetic wild type (WT) mice. Despite a marked reduction in collagen deposition in ArgII knock out mice, their albuminuria was not significantly different from diabetic WT animals. l-Cit also restored nitric oxide/reactive oxygen species balance and barrier function in high glucose-treated monolayers of human glomerular endothelial cells. Moreover, l-cit also has the ability to establish an anti-inflammatory profile, characterized by increased IL-10 and reduced IL-1β and IL-12(p70) generation in the human proximal tubular cells.Conclusion: l-Citrulline supplementation established an anti-inflammatory profile and significantly preserved the nephron function during T1D.

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“…They were asked to dissolve the supplements preferably in juice, in order to mask the supplements. The compliance to creatine supplementation was monitored weekly by personal communication, as previously done in our studies in which creatine supplementation was shown to be capable of increasing muscle phosphorylcreatine content [26-28]. The supplement packages were coded, so that, neither the investigators nor the participants were aware of the contents until completion of the analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players

Claudino

Mezêncio

Amaral³

et al. 2014

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundStudies involving chronic creatine supplementation in elite soccer players are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players (n = 14 males) during pre-season training.FindingsThis was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group study. Brazilian professional elite soccer players participated in this study. During the pre-season (7 weeks), all the subjects underwent a standardized physical and specific soccer training. Prior to and after either creatine monohydrate or placebo supplementation, the lower-limb muscle power was measured by countermovement jump performance. The Jumping performance was compared between groups at baseline (p = 0.99). After the intervention, jumping performance was lower in the placebo group (percent change = - 0.7%; ES = - 0.3) than in the creatine group (percent change = + 2.4%; ES = + 0.1), but it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.23 for time x group interaction). Fisher’s exact test revealed that the proportion of subjects that experienced a reduction in jumping performance was significantly greater in the placebo group than in the creatine group (5 and 1, respectively; p = 0.05) after the training. The magnitude-based inferences demonstrated that placebo resulted in a possible negative effect (50%) in jumping performance, whereas creatine supplementation led to a very likely trivial effect (96%) in jumping performance in the creatine group.ConclusionsCreatine monohydrate supplementation prevented the decrement in lower-limb muscle power in elite soccer players during a pre-season progressive training.

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Creatine in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract: Creatine supplementation combined with an exercise program improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. The underlying mechanism seems to be related to an increase in GLUT-4 recruitment to the sarcolemma.

Cited by 82 publications

References 28 publications

Does long-term creatine supplementation impair kidney function in resistance-trained individuals consuming a high-protein diet?

Does long-term creatine supplementation impair kidney function in resistance-trained individuals consuming a high-protein diet?

l-Citrulline Protects from Kidney Damage in Type 1 Diabetic Mice

Creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players

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