Criminal Deterrence:  Revisiting the Issue with a Birth Cohort

Tauchen, Helen; Witte, Ann Dryden; Griesinger, Harriet

doi:10.3386/w4277

Cited by 21 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…School attendance affects crime rates negatively through both a voluntary attendance effect and an incapacitation effect. For example, Tauchen et al (1994) provide evidence that the percentage of years in education has a negative effect on the probability of arrest. Exogenous events, such as teachers' strikes (Jacob and Lefgren 2003) or teacher training days (Luallen 2006), has been used to identify the incapacitation effect.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect is caused by tertiary education attendance that is not completely voluntary, but conditional on eligibility. Voluntary educational attendance effects (Tauchen et al 1994) and educational incapacitation effects on crime have been investigated previously (Jacob and Lefgren 2003;Luallen 2006;Å slund et al 2012;Anderson 2014) and have been found to affect crime rates, but tertiary education eligibility effects on crime rates have not been investigated. Because criminal behaviour peaks in late adolescence (see for example Hirschi and Gottfredson 1983;Hansen 2003;Å slund et al 2012), tertiary education eligibility may reduce crime rates substantially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Nordin

2017

J Quant Criminol

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Objectives This paper estimates the effect of tertiary education eligibility on crime in Sweden. The hypothesis tested is that continuing to higher education decreases crime rates since it allows young people to escape inactivity and idleness, which are known to trigger crime. However, to qualify for tertiary education, individuals have to meet the eligibility requirements in upper-secondary school. Tertiary education eligibility may therefore affect crime rates.Methods This paper uses a panel data set of 287 Swedish municipalities over the period 1998-2010 to estimate the tertiary education eligibility effect on crime. However, estimating educational effects on crime is challenging, because investment in education is an endogenous decision. In Sweden, substantial grade inflation, increased tertiary education eligibility by more than 6% points between 1998 and 2003. Thus, since the eligibility increase is exogenous to the educational achievements of a student cohort, i.e. not accompanied by a corresponding knowledge increase, we can use the increase to identify the effect of tertiary education eligibility on crime.Results It is found that increasing the tertiary education eligibility rate decreases both property and violent crime substantially. ConclusionsThe results show that when young people have the opportunity to attend tertiary education, and thus escape unemployment or inactivity, their propensity to commit crime decreases.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Nordin

2017

J Quant Criminol

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“…We exploit this relationship between the price and the smuggler's punishment upon apprehension to derive an instrumental variable for the smuggling price in the empirical section below 24 . 2 4 There are two other potential explanations why prices increase with enforcement.…”

Section: Comparative Staticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large literature demonstrates that enforcement has indeed a deterrence e¤ect on criminal behavior (for example, Ehrlich, 1977; Levitt, 1997;Tauchen, Witte and Griesinger, 1994; Viscusi, 1986;Witte, 1980). For illegal drugs and similar markets, deterrence depends on two parameters: the e¤ect of enforcement on prices and the price elasticity of demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of enforcement on illegal markets: Evidence from migrant smuggling along the southwestern border

Gathmann

2008

Journal of Public Economics

151

122

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in The Effects of Enforcement on Illegal Markets: Evidence from Migrant Smuggling along the Southwestern BorderChristina Gathmann The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available on the IZA website (www.iza.org) or directly from the author. This paper analyzes how enforcement along the U.S.-Mexican border has affected the market for migrant smugglers. Using a unique dataset that links border crossing histories from illegal Mexican migrants to aggregate enforcement and punishment statistics, we find that the effect of enforcement on smuggling prices is small. Though enforcement has more than tripled over the past fifteen years, smuggling prices have increased by at most 30 percent. Unlike estimates from illegal drugs, the demand for border smugglers is however price elastic. We also show that illegal migrants have switched from heavily patrolled areas to more remote and dangerous crossing routes. These avoidance costs are in fact three times the direct costs of enforcement on smuggling prices.JEL Classification: J61, K42

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“…As a result, traditional welfare and general assistance programs may encourage crime among the unskilled by encouraging individuals to earn unreported criminal income (or to not report legitimate income -a different form of crime). 38 Since violent and property crime rates peak during the late teenage years, it might seem costeffective to target wage subsidies to adolescents and young adults if reductions in crime are an important policy objective. While a targeted wage subsidy should increase work and decrease crime for the duration of the subsidy, it is also likely to reduce skill investment by raising the opportunity costs of investment more than the returns.…”

Section: Tax and Subsidy Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education, Work, and Crime: A Human Capital Approach

Lochner

2004

117

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Criminal Deterrence: Revisiting the Issue with a Birth Cohort

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Effects of enforcement on illegal markets: Evidence from migrant smuggling along the southwestern border

Education, Work, and Crime: A Human Capital Approach

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