Critical challenges in biohydrogen production processes from the organic feedstocks

Abstract

The ever-increasing world energy demand drives the need for new and sustainable renewable fuel to mitigate problems associated with greenhouse gas emissions such as climate change. This helps in the development toward decarbonisation. Thus, in recent years, hydrogen has been seen as a promising candidate in global renewable energy agendas, where the production of biohydrogen gains more attention compared with fossil-based hydrogen. In this review, biohydrogen production using organic waste materials through fermentation, biophotolysis, microbial electrolysis cell and gasification are discussed and analysed from a technological perspective. The main focus herein is to summarise and criticise through bibliometric analysis and put forward the guidelines for the potential future routes of biohydrogen production from biomass and especially organic waste materials. This research review claims that substantial efforts currently and, in the future, should focus on biohydrogen production from integrated technology of processes of (i) dark and photofermentation, (ii) microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) and (iii) gasification of combined different biowastes. Furthermore, bibliometric mapping shows that hydrogen production from biomethanol and the modelling process are growing areas in the biohydrogen research that lead to zero-carbon energy soon.

Recent advances in carbon capture storage and utilisation technologies: a review

“…These techniques are absorption, microalgae, membrane separation, adsorption and cryogenics ( Fig. 4) (Osman et al 2020a;Li et al 2012a).…”

“…CO 2 is then undergoing compression and liquefication for storage or transportation purposes at low power requirements. Moreover, it promotes the production of H 2 as a fuel that can be used in fuel cells (after further purification), transportation or as a building block in the production of value-added chemicals (Osman et al 2020a). Another big benefit of the pre-combustion route is the flexibility of the outputs where H 2 production or power generation can easily be switched according to the demand.…”

“…Globally, coal is the largest energy source for electricity generation and the second-largest feedstock source of primary energy (Wei et al 2020). However, with the current rate of CO 2 emissions globally and with a CO 2 level in the atmosphere higher than 409 ppm, anthropogenic activities have caused more than 1 • C global warming than that of the pre-industrial level, of which higher than 0.3 • C was due to coal-burning (Wei et al 2020;Osman et al 2020a). In 2015 the Paris agreement was developed which aims to limit global warming to 2 • C by 2100, while attempting to limit the increase to 1.5 • C (Fawzy et al 2020).…”

Renewable Hydrogen Fuel from Photofermentation of Glycerol: Enhanced Reviews

“…The major challenging factor for photofermentative hydrogen production is the efficiency differences at which light is utilized by phototrophs under different magnitude of light concentrations [34] as recently reported that low-intensity electromagnetic field of extremely high frequencies affects hydrogen production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides [35]. This experience made the process to be a bit daunting to navigate through finding a suitable intensity condition in addition to alternative sources of light [36].…”

Intrinsic basis of thermostability of prolyl oligopeptidase from Pyrococcus furiosus

“…The physical and chemical environments of the earth show a wide variation in which microorganism lives in almost all places. Depending on the temperature, the microbes living in these environments can be divided into three classes namely thermophiles (45–65 °C), mesophiles (25–45 °C), and psychrophiles (0–25 °C) 1 . Thermophiles operate their biochemical machinery at boiling temperatures that are detrimental to mesophilic microbes 2 – 4 .…”