We report the fabrication of a 3D-printed water-heated cuvette that fits into a standard UV visible spectrophotometer. Full 3D-printable designs are provided and 3D-printing conditions have been optimised to provide options to print the cuvette in either acrylonitrile butadiene styrene or polylactic acid polymers, extending the range of solvents that are compatible with the design. We demonstrate the efficacy of the cuvette by determining the critical micelle concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 40°C, the molar extinction coefficients of cobalt nitrate and dsDNA and by reproducing the thermochromic UV visible spectrum of a mixture of cobalt chloride, water and propan-2-ol.
Analytical Biochemistry 510 (2016) 52-55 Accepted 15 July 2016In recent years there has been a rapid expansion in the number and quality of commercially available, affordable, fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D-printers. These FDM 3D-printers allow end users to design, test and construct bespoke 3D-fabricated plastic prototypes targeted to their own individual applications [1]. Researchers in the chemical and biomedical sciences have made bespoke integrated reactionware [2][3][4][5][6][7], DNA adhesives [8], inserts for cuvettes [9] or X-ray absorption spectroscopy [10] that enable spectroelectrochemistry to be performed, surgical models and synthetic organs [11] and microfluidic pumps [12]. However, whilst there are a significant number of recent research success stories demonstrating the potential applications of 3D-printers, a number of key challenges remain. In particular the additive manufacturing process of FDM printing has a tendency to create small gaps between successive extruded layers, meaning 3D-prints are not always air or watertight. This is a particular challenge for FDM 3D-printing in milli or microfluidic applications where the pressure in the device is increased. Strategies for solving this leakage problem differ, one approach is to construct devices with increased wall thicknesses, typically 4 mm [3], although this does impose a lower limit on the size of device that can be constructed. Alternatively, recent work [13] has shown that many of these printing imperfections in ABS prints can be removed with acetone and that 3D-prints treated in this way, post production, have potential uses in fluid handling on a variety of scales.Here we report our recent success using FDM 3D-printing to develop an inexpensive water heated UV visible cuvette made from ABS or PLA, which fits into a standard UV visible spectrometer.UV visible spectroscopy was performed on a dual beam Shimadzu Corporation UV-2410PC spectrometer equipped with a single monochromator. BRAND® disposable polystyrene cuvettes (Sigma-Aldrich UK) were used for control studies. Cobalt nitrate, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and dsDNA from salmon sperm were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich UK. Cobalt chloride was purchased from ACROS organics UK and acetone, propan-2-ol and methylene blue were purchased from Fisher Scientific UK. A REFCO (-1 to 3 Bar; class 1.6) p...