Environment and Culture 1980
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0451-5_3
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Cross-Cultural Research Methods

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Cited by 670 publications
(370 citation statements)
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“…These include back-translation, translation by committee, and testing for form and meaning equivalence (cf. Brislin, Lonner, & Thorndike, 1973;Mullen, 1995;Sekaran, 1983;Sperber, Devellis, & Boehlecke, 1994). For example, in a three-country study, Robertson, Al-Khatib, AlHabib, & Lanoue (2001) utilize back-translation (English to Arabic), and adapt items in each country for local idiom.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These include back-translation, translation by committee, and testing for form and meaning equivalence (cf. Brislin, Lonner, & Thorndike, 1973;Mullen, 1995;Sekaran, 1983;Sperber, Devellis, & Boehlecke, 1994). For example, in a three-country study, Robertson, Al-Khatib, AlHabib, & Lanoue (2001) utilize back-translation (English to Arabic), and adapt items in each country for local idiom.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The examiner was monitored by video recordings. German translations of all QOL and PA questionnaires followed published guidelines, including independent back-translation [34]. All patients >6 years were interviewed by the same investigator using the TACQOL-Child form.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Questionnaires were first translated into Tibetan, followed by a backtranslation procedure (recommended by Brislin, Lonner, & Thorndike, 1973). Using the translated questionnaires, an interview was conducted with three Tibetans who had good understanding of English, as suggested by Manson (1997) who described a structured inquiry to formulate cultural dimensions of PTSD.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%