Cross Testing Electrically Conductive Adhesives and Conductive Back-sheets for the ECN Back-contact Cell and Module Technology

Abstract

ECN set up a cross testing project in which suppliers of electrically conductive adhesives (ECA) and conductive back-sheet (CBS) foils participated. In the component part of the project, combinations of adhesive and foil were characterised for peel strength and contact resistance. The separate components were tested on dot geometry (ECA) and surface structure (CBS). In the module manufacture and testing part, 12 combinations of ECA and CBS were used in 4-cell MWT modules. The modules were tested up to 2000 hours in damp heat and 400 thermal cycles (both tests, 2 times the requirement of IEC61215). Most combinations passed the 5% power loss criterion. One of the conductive adhesives performed well on three different types of back-sheet which is supportive of a robust technology. Other results show that it is important to thoroughly test interesting combinations of ECA and CBS at module level before adding them to the recommended bill of materials.

A comprehensive study of silver nanowires filled electrically conductive adhesives

“…The contact resistance at the interfaces between fillers is considered to be strongly influenced by the contact stress that is generated due to the shrinkage that occurs during curing of the adhesive binder [10,[23][24][25]. As the curing time increases, the resistance of the ECAs decreased, and the results could be attributed to the phenomenon that the crosslinking reaction of epoxy resin is gradually intensified, and the curing shrinkage leads to an increase in the contact area between the fillers to promote the formation of conductive pathways between the fillers during the curing process [10][11][12]. Silver nanowires have higher activity during curing of the matrix resin due to the high specific surface area of silver nanowires, so they might easily contact the resin, as compared to micro-silver particles.…”

Summary of the 5th Workshop on Metallization for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

“…For these modules, reliable contact is required between the CBS and the ECA used to connect the cell metallization to the CBS. Certain combinations CBS-ECA with excellent durability and performance were shown to exist [66,67].…”

To Do List for Research and Development and International Standardization to Achieve the Goal of Running a Majority of Electric Vehicles on Solar Energy

“…For emerging thin-film and organic solar cells, wide varieties of coloring techniques have been reported, including the use of dyes [33], applying colloidal quantum dots [34], adding photonic filters [35,36], integration with liquid/photonic crystals [37,38], using dielectric mirrors and optical microcavities [39,40], and modifying top or bottom electrodes [41,42].…”