Cruciferous Plants: Phytochemical Toxicity Versus Cancer Chemoprotection

Assayed, Mohamed Ezzat; El‐Aty, A. M. Abd

doi:10.2174/138955709790361511

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Proteins with ionized cysteine thiol residues at physiological pH (approximately 400 such proteins currently known) are more readily oxidized to their PS-OH derivatives than unionized protein thiols under conditions of mild and moderate oxidative or nitrosative stress (8,29,30). Post-translational modification at reactive cysteine thiols forms products that are biologically reducible (PSSG, PSSG-NO; PSSP; P'SSP).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, decreased formation and/or increased detoxication of ROS and RNS can attenuate the severity of chronic disease caused or promoted by toxic free radicals. _________________________________________ Their antioxidant activity is one explanation for the chemoprotective and neuroprotective effects of several foods and dietary supplements (8,9), and for some of the therapeutic effects of plant-based TCM (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Res directly scavenges superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals (28), and reduces their formation by inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity (29). Schisanhenol (Sal) [5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,3,10,11,12-pentamethoxy-6,7-dimethyldibenzo(a,c)cycloocten-1-ol] ( Figure 1A) is a dibenzocyclooctene lignin isolated from Schisandra rubriflora Rhed, an herb common in TCM prescriptions (30). Studies with this purified TCM are uncommon because of its restricted availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

et al. 2015

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-PURPOSE:Our working hypothesis is that single bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties that are important constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and their defined mixtures have potential as chemoprotective agents for chronic conditions characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress, including Alzheimer's. Here we evaluate the ability of baicalein, crocetin, trans-resveratrol or schisanhenol and two defined mixtures of these TCM phytochemicals to attenuate the toxicity resulting from exposure to cell permeant t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBPH) in wild-type and bioengineered (to express choline acetyltransferase) HEK 293 cells. METHODS: Endpoints of tBHP-initiated oxidative and nitrosative stress in both types of HEK 293 cells and its attenuation by TCM constituents and mixtures included cytotoxicity (LDH release); depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH); formation of S-glutathionylated proteins; oxidative changes to the disulfide proteome; and real-time changes in intracellular redox status. RESULTS: At low µM concentrations, each of the TCM constituents and mixtures effectively attenuated intracellular toxicity due to exposure of HEK 293 cells to 50 or 250 µM tBHP for 30 min to 3 h. Confocal microscopy of HEK 293 cells transfected with mutated green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) showed effective attenuation of tBHP oxidation by baicalein in real time. Three redox-regulated proteins prominent in the disulfide proteome of HEK 293 cells were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that single TCM chemicals and their simple mixtures have potential for use in adjunct chemoprotective therapy. Advantages of mixtures compared to single TCM constituents include the ability to combine compounds with varying molecular mechanisms of cytoprotection for enhanced biological activity; and to combine chemicals with complementary pharmacokinetic properties to increase half-life and prolong activity in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

et al. 2015

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“…However, some research has suggested that exposure to pesticides, which may also be present on fruits and vegetables, may increase risk (73). Some experimental research has suggested that indole-3-carbinol, which is found in cruciferous vegetables such as brussels sprouts, may have some cancer-promoting effects, particularly when administered after carcinogen exposure (74,75). However, we did not see a similar positive association with broccoli and cabbage, which are also sources of indole-3-carbinol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in a Pooled Analysis of 14 Cohort Studies

Koushik¹,

Spiegelman²,

Albanês³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Fruit and vegetable intake may protect against pancreatic cancer, since fruits and vegetables are rich in potentially cancer-preventive nutrients. Most case-control studies have found inverse associations between fruit and vegetable intake and pancreatic cancer risk, although bias due to reporting error cannot be ruled out. In most prospective studies, inverse associations have been weaker and imprecise because of small numbers of cases. The authors examined fruit and vegetable intake in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in a pooled analysis of 14 prospective studies from North America, Europe, and Australia (study periods between 1980 and 2005). Relative risks and 2-sided 95% confidence intervals were estimated separately for the 14 studies using the Cox proportional hazards model and were then pooled using a random-effects model. Of 862,584 men and women followed for 7−20 years, 2,212 developed pancreatic cancer. The pooled multivariate relative risks of pancreatic cancer per 100-g/day increase in intake were 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.03) for total fruits and vegetables, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.03) for total fruits, and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.06) for total vegetables. Associations were similar for men and women separately and across studies. These results suggest that fruit and vegetable intake during adulthood is not associated with a reduced pancreatic cancer risk. diet; fruit; pancreatic neoplasms; prospective studies; vegetables Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire.

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“…It may be that at risk individuals unnecessarily avoid cruciferous vegetables which could provide more benefits than risk. 459 In the absence of more definitive guidelines, it would seem prudent to consider the possibility of iodine deficiency.…”

Section: Thyroid Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of phytochemicals in modulating intrinsic human cellular defence processes

Houghton¹

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Cruciferous Plants: Phytochemical Toxicity Versus Cancer Chemoprotection

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in a Pooled Analysis of 14 Cohort Studies

The role of phytochemicals in modulating intrinsic human cellular defence processes

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