Crude extracts of two different leaf plant species and their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus

Abstract

Abstract. Indrayani Y, Muin M, Yoshimura T. 2016. Crude extracts of two different leaf plant species and their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 226-231. Crude extracts of plants consist of various chemical compounds useful for many purposes and their effectiveness depend on the comprising active ingredients and applied concentrations. This study was conducted to determine the chemical compounds of plant leaf extracts and examine their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Two tropical plant species [clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra)] were extracted with 70% ethanol solvent. As the two different plant crude extracts contain eugenol, though to have termiticidal performance, various concentrations (0.1%, 0.05%, and 0.01%) based on their eugenol contents were prepared with filter paper samples for the test. The termite mortality and mass loss of extract-treated and untreated control filter paper samples were determined after four weeks exposure. Results showed that crude extracts of different plant species showed different responses against the subterranean termites although they were applied at the same eugenol-based concentration. At the concentration of 0.1%, the crude extract of S. aromaticum caused termite mortality and consumption rates of 100% and 0.3%, respectively. Whilst, the crude extract of M. leucadendra caused significantly lower termite mortality (36.8%) and higher consumption (9.1%). Samples with lower eugenolbased concentration showed lower termite mortality and may have attractive effects on termites as indicated by higher consumption at the concentration of 0.01% compared to untreated controls. These results suggested that crude extracts of different two leaf species had different effects on subterranean termite C. formosanus eventhough they were applied at the same eugenol-based concentrations.

Short communication: Diversity of tropical plants and their attractant properties for subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus

“…GC-MS analysis showed relative percentage (%) of eugenol compound in each leaf extracts used in this study: clove leaf 7.92%, cinnamon leaf 4.64%, cajuput leaf 3.36%, basil leaf 2.24% and bay leaf 0% (Figure 4.A-E). GC-MS analysis results of the clove and cajuput leaves in this experiment were the same as those in the previous experiment (Indrayani et al 2016). Consistent with its zero-eugenol content, basil leaf showing the latest termite moving time of all leaf extract treatment which was after 14 minutes.…”

“…The temperature of injector port and interface of mass spectrometry (MS) was 280ºC. The total ion chromatogram obtained as auto integrated by Chemstation software and the compounds were identified by comparison with Wiley 9 th edition NIST 11 Mass Spectral Library (Indrayani et al 2016).…”

A Review on the Potency of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves Solid Waste in Wood Preservation and Its In Silico Prediction upon Biological Activities

“…Muslich and Rulliaty examined the durability of the processed wood of cajuput from three types of decomposer's attack, i.e., dried ground termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light), common ground termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren), and marine wood termites conclude that cajuput is resistant toward the attack of Coptotermes curvignathus but is vulnerable toward other decomposers [75]. is protective effect might be due to the chemical constituent such as cineole, melaleucin, and terpineol [76].…”

Effect of bait density on consumption rates and mortality of subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus

“…Density bait 0.5 gcm -3 caused termite mortality to reach 100%. This can be explained because low density bait was more preferred by termites, consequently bait containing slow-acting chemical compound from M. leucadendra were responsible for termite mortality.This might be caused bait used in this study consist of waste paper as matrix and M. leucadendra as both attractant and slow-acting chemical (Indrayani et al, 2016(Indrayani et al, -2018. GC-MS analysis of extract M. leucadendra leaf conducted by Indrayani et al (2017) show that extract mainly contain of eugenol compound which is known have both attractant and slow-acting properties.…”

“…Journal of BIOLOGICAL RESEARCHES | Volume 24 | Number 2 | June | 2019 91 as slow-acting toxic properties to termites (Indrayani et al 2016(Indrayani et al -2017.…”