Cryopreservation of human embryos at the pronucleate, early cleavage, or expanded blastocyst stages

Troup, S. A.; Matson, Phillip; Critchlow, J; Morroll, David; Lieberman, Brian A.; Burslem, R. W.

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(91)90190-v

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[33538] Additionally, early studies reported lower survival rates with blastocyst thaw. [1219] Senn et al . compared the cumulative live birth rates obtained after cryopreservation of either zygotes or day three embryos and found a significantly higher implantation and pregnancy rate per transfer with zygotes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although pregnancy rates with cryopreserved embryo cycles may be lower than those achieved from fresh cycles,[31112] the cumulative effect of adding pregnancies achieved with thawed cycles to those attained with fresh cycles must also be considered. Overall outcomes from a single oocyte retrieval can be significantly enhanced when cryopreservation is used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[41219–21] Since improved culture media have been developed to better support in vitro embryo growth, more blastocysts have become available for cryopreservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates from cryopreserved zygotes, embryos and blastocysts

et al. 2011

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CONTEXT:Most in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs employ embryo cryopreservation to enhance pregnancies from a single ovarian stimulation. More embryos are created, some of which are not transferred to the uterus immediately, generating a need for improved cryopreservation protocols. One protocol may involve growing embryos to a further stage of development, allowing only embryos with proven developmental capabilities to be cryopreserved. Here we examined thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates of embryos cryopreserved at different stages.AIMS:We examined thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates of embryos cryopreserved at the zygote, day 3 (D3) embryos or blastocyst stage.SETTINGS AND DESIGN:This is a retrospective study from a single academic IVF program.PATIENTS AND METHODS:A retrospective study of all patients who had frozen embryos transferred to their uteri from year 2002 to 2008 at a single academic IVF program was conducted.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:Analysis of variance followed by Fisher's Exact Test was performed to compare the survival after thaw, implantation and live birth rates between the three groups.RESULTS:One thousand nine hundred and ninety-one zygotes, 2880 D3 embryos and 503 blastocysts were frozen using a slow freeze technique, thawed and transferred. Significantly more D3 embryos and blastocysts survived the thawing process compared to zygotes and significantly higher implantation rate per number of thawed blastocysts was achieved than that for zygotes. Live birth rates were similar between the three groups.CONCLUSIONS:Growing embryos to blastocyst stage prior to cryopreservation is associated with fewer frozen embryos but does not appear compromise patients’ chance of achieving pregnancy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates from cryopreserved zygotes, embryos and blastocysts

et al. 2011

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“…During this period, the 11 neonates who died were excluded from the study. Details of the IVF procedure used at our hospital have been reported elsewhere 21. The control group consisted of 278 normally conceived children born at term.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children conceived by in vitro fertilisation after fresh embryo transfer

D'Souza

Rivlin

Cadman

et al. 1997

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition

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Aims-To compare the outcome in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) children (after fresh embryo transfer) from multiple and singleton births with one another, and with normally conceived control children. Methods-A cohort of 278 children (150 singletons, 100 twins, 24 triplets and four quadruplets), conceived by IVF after three fresh embryos had been transferred, born between October 1984 and December 1991, and 278 normally conceived control children (all singletons), were followed up for four years after birth. They were assessed for neonatal conditions, minor congenital anomalies, major congenital malformations, cerebral palsy and other disabilities. Control children, all born at term, were matched for age, sex and social class. Results-The ratio of male:female births was 1.03. Forty six per cent of IVF children were from multiple births; 34.9% were from preterm deliveries; and 43.2% weighed less than 2500 g at birth. The IVF singletons were on average born one week earlier than the controls, weighed 400 g less, and had a threefold greater chance of being born by caesarean section. The higher percentage of preterm deliveries was largely due to multiple births and they contributed to neonatal conditions in 45.0% of all IVF children. The types of congenital abnormalities varied: 3.6% of IVF children and 2.5% of controls had minor congenital anomalies, and 2.5% of IVF children and none of the controls had major congenital malformations. The numbers of each specific type of congenital abnormality were small and were not significantly related to multiple births. IVF children (2.1%) and 0.4% of the controls had mild/moderate disabilities. They were all from multiple births, including two children with cerebral palsy who were triplets. Conclusions-The outcome of IVF treatment leading to multiple births is less satisfactory than that in singletons because of neonatal conditions associated with preterm delivery and disabilities in later childhood. A reduction of multiple pregnancies by limiting the transfer of embryos to two instead of three remains a high priority. (Arch Dis Child 1997;76:F70-F74)

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“…The oocytes were checked for fertilization 16-20 h following insemination. All embryos were cryopreserved at the pronucleate stage using propanediol (Troup et al, 1990). The embryos were all quarantined for 6 months, after which time the donor was re-tested for HIV only, and the embryos released from quarantine once this second HIV test was negative.…”

Section: Egg Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization and early embryology: The quarantine of fertilized donated oocytes

et al. 1995

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The fertilization and subsequent cryopreservation of donated oocytes have enabled the resulting embryos to be quarantined for a minimum of 6 months, and to be thawed and replaced only after the donor has had a second negative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test. In the study described here, a total of 39 women had 56 embryo transfers, and 12 pregnancies (21% per transfer) were achieved. The logic of the protocol for minimizing the risk of infection of the recipient, which is in line with that of semen donation, is presented, together with an argument for the feasibility of such an approach.

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Cryopreservation of human embryos at the pronucleate, early cleavage, or expanded blastocyst stages

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Comparing thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates from cryopreserved zygotes, embryos and blastocysts

Comparing thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates from cryopreserved zygotes, embryos and blastocysts

Children conceived by in vitro fertilisation after fresh embryo transfer

Fertilization and early embryology: The quarantine of fertilized donated oocytes

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