Crystallography, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in Gd4(BixSb1−x)3 alloys

Phase relationships in the Gd–Fe–Sb system at 773K

“…Rare earth Gd and its alloys show good magnetic properties, such as the large magnetocaloric effect of Gd, Gd 4 Sb 3 and Gd 5 Si x Ge 4−x near room temperature [1][2][3]. The investigation of the phase diagram may provide useful information or searching new materials and give the guild for preparing high quality materials.…”

Phase equilibria in the Gd–Bi–Sb ternary system at room temperature

“…The magnetic refrigeration utilizes the heat release or absorption caused by magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of the magnetic material. Gd and its alloys, such as Gd 5 Si 2 Ge 2 and Gd 4 (Bi x Sb 1−x ) 3 with large magnetocaloric effect near room temperature [5,6]. The phase diagram of the Gd-Bi-Sb ternary system can serve a guide for preparing pure and high quality Gd 4 (Bi x Sb 1−x ) 3 alloy, but has not been reported until now.…”

Thermodynamic Description of the Gd-Sb and Gd-Bi-Sb Systems

“…The compounds, Gd 5 Sb 3 , Gd 4 Sb 3 and GdSb (α-GdSb and β-GdSb) in the Gd-Sb system and their relative compounds, Gd 5 Bi 3 , Gd 4 Bi 3 and GdBi in the Gd-Bi system were formed the continuous solid solutions, respectively. So the six single-phase regions are (Gd, Bi, Sb) solid solution (α phase), Gd 5 (Bi, Sb) 3 [7], reproduced using the Thermo-Calc software [10]. [7], reproduced using the Pandat software [11].…”

“…Gd 4 Sb 3 was one of the candidates for magnetic refrigerant near room temperature (266 K). Substitution of Bi for Sb in Gd 4 Sb 3 increased its Curie temperature T c up to 330 K [3]. The calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method, which was a powerful approach to save cost and short time during development of materials, effectively provided a clear guideline for material design.…”