Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of Yangtze Sturgeon, Acipenser dabryanus: Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Response to Fasting and Refeeding

Abstract

Superoxide dismutase and catalase are two major antioxidant enzymes in the fish antioxidant defense system, which can remove excess reactive oxygen species and protect fish from stress-induced oxidative damage. The present study aimed to clone the sequences of Yangtze sturgeon, Acipenser dabryanus, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (AdCu/Zn-SOD) and catalase (AdCAT), and to explore changes of gene expression in the liver and intestine during fasting and refeeding. A total of 120 fish were exposed to four fasting and refeeding protocols (fasting for 0, 3, 7, or 14 d and then refeeding for 14 d). The coding sequences of AdCu/Zn-SOD and AdCAT encoded 155 and 526 amino acid proteins, respectively, both of which were expressed mainly in the liver. During fasting, when compared to the control group, liver AdCu/Zn-SOD expression was significantly higher in the 3- and 14-d groups, whereas its intestinal expression increased significantly only in the 7-d group. Liver AdCAT expression increased significantly in the 3-, 7-, and 14-d groups. During refeeding, liver AdCu/Zn-SOD expression increased significantly in the 3-, 7-, and 14-d groups compared with those in the control group. Similarly, intestinal AdCu/Zn-SOD expression increased significantly in the 3- and 7-d groups. Moreover, intestinal AdCAT expression was significantly higher in the 3-d group than in the control group, but decreased significantly in the 14-d group. Our findings indicated that AdCu/Zn-SOD and AdCAT play important roles in protecting fish against starvation-induced oxidative stress. Yangtze sturgeon exhibited the potential to adapt to a starvation and refeeding regime.

Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of Catalase in Stress Physiology, Innate Immunity, Testicular Development, Metamorphosis, and Cryopreserved Sperm of Pacific Abalone

“…The re-fed sample showed an expression level of Hdh-CAT mRNA similar to the control. Similar phenomena have previously been reported from fish [68,69]. Starvation stimulates oxidative stress-oriented energy deficiencies [68].…”

Effects of Macleaya cordata Extract on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Intestinal Health of Juvenile American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)

“…T-AOC is an index generally for assessing the ability of the nonenzymatic antioxidant defense system of fish [23]. The SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT are the main parameters to assess antioxidant ability in the enzymatic system, and they work together to catalyze free radicals and produce non-toxic compounds [24]. MDA is the product of lipid-peroxidation, which contributes to the production of reactive oxygen radicals.…”

Effects of dietary methanolic extract of hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis, on growth performance, hepatic antioxidant, humoral and intestinal immunity, and intestinal bacteria of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…SOD is an early-functioning antioxidant enzyme that neutralizes superoxide ions and has a crucial role in detoxifying the respiration-produced superoxide ion in living cells (Shi et al, 2022). GPx is responsible for neutralizing hydrogen peroxide using GSH as a co-factor.…”