Current approaches for the exploration of antimicrobial activities of nanoparticles

Abstract

is currently pursuing a master's degree at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Her research focuses on the antimicrobial of nanoparticles for application in the industry. Dr. Teow Yeit Haan is a senior lecturer at UKM. Her expertise includes membrane synthesis and characterization, membrane application for water purification and wastewater treatment, membrane fouling, water disinfection technology, and adsorption. She had published more than 44 research articles, 22 conference proceedings, and 3 book chapters. Dr. Ebrahim Mahmoudi is working as a senior lecturer at UKM. He is researching separation and purification using polymeric membranes and membrane bioreactors. Current Approaches for the Exploration of Antimicrobial Activities of NanoparticlesInfectious diseases of bacterial and viral origins contribute to substantial mortality worldwide. Collaborative efforts have been underway between academia and the industry to develop technologies for a more effective treatment for such diseases. With their utility in various industrial applications, nanoparticles (NPs) offer promising potential as antimicrobial agents against bacterial and viral infections. NPs have been established to possess potent antimicrobial activities against various types of pathogens due to their unique characteristics and cell-damaging ability through several mechanisms. The recent accepted antimicrobial mechanisms possess by NPs include metal ion release, oxidative stress induction, and non-oxidative mechanisms. Another merit of NPs lies in the low likelihood of the development of microbial tolerance towards NPs,given the multiple simultaneous mechanisms of action against the pathogens targeting numerous gene mutations in those pathogens. Moreover, NPs provide a fascinating opportunity to curb microbial growth before infections: this outstanding feature has led to their utilization as active antimicrobial agents in different industrial applications, e.g. the coating of medical devices, incorporation in food packaging, promoting wound healing, and encapsulation with other potential materials for wastewater treatment. This review discusses the progress and achievements in the antimicrobial applications of NPs, factors contributing to their actions, mechanisms underlying their efficiency, and risks of their applications, including the antimicrobial action of metal nanoclusters (NCs).The review concludes with a discussion of the restrictions in present studies and future prospects of nanotechnology-based NPs development.

The efficiency of metal, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles against cancer cells and bacterial pathogens: different mechanisms of action

“…Metal-based NPs have specific antibacterial toxicity mechanisms that can overcome the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by the formation of pits and disrupting the membrane or preventing the formation of biofilms [41]. However, agglomeration of NPs can be a spipnp problem because if the NPs clump together, they will be prevented from interacting with the bacterial cell wall, and their activity will be disrupted [42].…”

Recent Advances in Silver Nanoparticles Containing Nanofibers for Chronic Wound Management

“…Acticoat and Actisorb, two silver-based wound dressings, are commercially available [ 30 ]. Dermatology increasingly employs metal nanoparticles to expedite wound healing and to treat and prevent bacterial infections [ 31 ].…”

Nanoparticle Impact on the Bacterial Adaptation: Focus on Nano-Titania

“…Several other metal NPs, such as Ag NPs, Au NPs, Pt NPs, and Cu NPs, and metal oxide NPs, such as MgO and ZnO, exhibit antimicrobial activities [ 52 ]. The advantages of TiO 2 NP employment as an antibacterial agent compared to other types of NPs are its relatively low cost and superior stability of the NPs, while the major disadvantages are the low photocatalytic efficiency of Ti under visible light and the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, which makes necessary to use metal and non-metal doping, coupling with semiconductors, or modification with graphene oxide in order to enhance the photocatalytic activity [ 53 ].…”