The work deals with the need to substantiate topicality of research of grocery market and key directions of development of agriculture. The conclusion is made which states that the level of productivity in Georgian agriculture is low. Based on the analysis, causes of low productivity of the industry and low level of development of grocery markets is assessed: low level of competitiveness of agricultural products, impediments for Georgian products to enter grocery markets, underdeveloped grocery supply chain, absence of usage of modern technologies and technological opportunities in agricultural sector, small share in the budget for funding agriculture, incomplete and ambiguous regulatory laws, low level of compatibility with legislation of international markets, underdeveloped system of insurance in agriculture etc. Strengths and weaknesses of development of Georgian agriculture are revealed through SWOT analysis, as well as opportunities and threats. Factors of low pace in development of agriculture and limited opportunities for farmers on grocery markets are determined by the "quality of urgency-impact" matrix, by using the scheme of priorities, needs of priority development of agriculture are revealed. Conclusions and recommendations are suggested as a result of the research concerning current challenges of grocery markets and needs of priority development of Georgian agriculture.