“…In other words, the mere presence of laws and institutions with the powers to conduct independent police accountability did not create a culture that caused independent accountability to thrive. Writing with Dermot Walsh, Vicky explored how accountability in Ireland remained too individualized to change the police institution: “[If] reforms become targeted at individual officers under the bad apples thesis, or at one policing unit, believed to be inherently susceptible to corruption [then] organisational and institutional defects go unchecked” (Conway & Walsh, 2011, p. 242). These developments, they felt, “were not enough to tackle the organisational and occupational cultures and structures from which so many abuses of power emerged.” While the challenges Vicky identified reflect those facing police accountability globally (e.g., Ahmad & Barakat, 2019; Lister & Rowe, 2016; Prenzler, 2011; Seneviratne, 2004), she always effectively contextualized the Irish experience in accordance with local (e.g., postcolonial, gendered and religious) dynamics, as outlined earlier and throughout this issue.…”