Current trends in West Nile virus vaccine development

Amanna, Ian J.; Slifka, Mark K.

doi:10.1586/14760584.2014.906309

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…The development of a safe and effective WNV vaccine for use in humans remains an important public health goal, with several candidates in various stages of clinical development [4]. As discussed previously [4], a targeted vaccine program could be cost-effective, and interest has been renewed since the surge in US infections in 2012, which represented the largest outbreak since 2003 with the most WNV-associated deaths on record [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed previously [4], a targeted vaccine program could be cost-effective, and interest has been renewed since the surge in US infections in 2012, which represented the largest outbreak since 2003 with the most WNV-associated deaths on record [4]. However, due to the intermittent nature of WNV infections in the continental US, multiple hurdles remain in the pursuit of an effective, licensed vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WNV is now endemic throughout the continental United States, with periodic peaks and troughs in disease incidence[2]. Although ~75% of infections are believed to be asymptomatic[3], symptomatic infection can be severe with a mortality rate among reported WNV cases of approximately 4%[4], increasing to as high as 23% among elderly patients ≥70 years of age[5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine

Poore

Slifka

Raué

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-transmitted pathogen with a wide geographical range that can lead to long-term disability and death in some cases. Despite the public health risk posed by WNV, including an estimated 3 million infections in the United States alone, no vaccine is available for use in humans. Here, we present a scaled manufacturing approach for production of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated whole virion WNV vaccine, termed HydroVax-001 WNV. Vaccination resulted in robust virus-specific neutralizing antibody responses and protection against WNV-associated mortality in mice or viremia in rhesus macaques (RM). A GLP-compliant toxicology study performed in rats demonstrated an excellent safety profile with clinical findings limited to minor and transient irritation at the injection site. An in vitro relative potency (IVRP) assay was developed and shown to correlate with in vivo responses following forced degradation studies. Long-term in vivo potency comparisons between the intended storage condition (2–8°C) and a thermally stressed condition (40±2°C) demonstrated no loss in vaccine efficacy or protective immunity over a 6-month span of time. Together, the positive pre-clinical findings regarding immunogenicity, safety, and stability indicate that HydroVax-001 WNV is a promising vaccine candidate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine

Poore

Slifka

Raué

et al. 2017

Vaccine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Experts agree that the major hurdle for the commercial development of WN vaccines is low expectations for an appreciable profit margin and an anticipated insignificant cost effectiveness of mass vaccination. Yet, the feasibility of a targeted vaccine program may be improved with the commercial availability of inexpensive, safe and efficacious vaccines (Amanna and Slifka, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of alternative non-infectious WN vaccines are in various development phases (Amanna and Slifka, 2014;Beasley, 2011;Martin et al, 2007), but perspectives of their commercial availability are even less optimistic. Of a particular relevance to the topic of this report is a WN DNA vaccine (Davis et al, 2001), which was first approved by USDA to use in horses in 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a human live attenuated West Nile infectious DNA vaccine

Yamshchikov

2015

Virology

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West Nile virus has become an important epidemiological problem attracting significant attention of health authorities, mass media, and the public. Although there are promising advancements toward addressing the vaccine need, the perspectives of the commercial availability of the vaccine remain uncertain. To a large extent this is due to lack of a sustained interest for further commercial development of the vaccines already undergoing the preclinical and clinical development, and a predicted insignificant cost effectiveness of mass vaccination. There is a need for a safe, efficacious and cost effective vaccine, which can improve the feasibility of a targeted vaccination program. In the present report, we summarize the background, the rationale, and the choice of the development pathway that we selected for the design of a live attenuated human West Nile vaccine in a novel infectious DNA format.

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New onset of Bell’s palsy in a patient with West Nile Encephalitis

Vaysman

Melkonyan

Liu

2020

Clinical Case Reports

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West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the United States and is most commonly spread through an infected mosquito bite even though other modes of transmission such as breastfeeding, transplacental transmission, organ transplantation, blood transfusion, and laboratory acquisition exist. 1 The virus is a member of the Flavivirus genus, making it closely related to the viruses that cause yellow fever, dengue fever, and St Louis encephalitis. 2 The virus was first discovered in Uganda in 1937 and first reported in North America in 1999. 3 Since then, thousands of cases are reported each year with major outbreaks in August and September. 4 To diagnose WNV as the underlying etiology of encephalitis, it is informative to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for detection of WNV IgM antibody in addition to the serum antibodies. 5 West Nile virus is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in the United States and is considered a significant contributing cause for numerous cases of neurological dysfunction in the nearest future. 6 According to the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 80% of infected people are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. 7 All ages are affected with highest incidence

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Current trends in West Nile virus vaccine development

Cited by 49 publications

References 157 publications

Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine

Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine

Development of a human live attenuated West Nile infectious DNA vaccine

New onset of Bell’s palsy in a patient with West Nile Encephalitis

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