Cursive Handwriting: Measurement of Function Rather Than Topography

A review of handwriting research: Progress and prospects from 1980 to 1994

“…Measures of velocity, duration of the writing trace, pressure, stroke length, and so forth may provide a wealth of information about both the product and process of handwriting, but additional research is needed to determine if such measures can be used to discriminate reliably between different levels of legibility, ranging from easy-to difficult-to-read. As Talbert-Johnson et al (1991) noted, variations in handwriting can drift considerably before handwriting is considered illegible.…”

“…Talbert- Johnson, Salva, Sweeney, and Cooper (1991) have argued that function (legibility) rather than topography should form the basis of handwriting assessment. They correctly noted that readers "are not concerned with exact correspondence between a handwritten letter and a model letter; they are concerned with whether the handwriting can be read with ease" (p. 118).…”

A Validity Study of the Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting–Cursive

“…Before developing sorting guidelines, the researcher determined how many of the work sheets might be classified as A, B, and C according to total word and letter legibility percentage scores achieved by the researcher on the Cursive Practice and Review work sheets. According to the literature, handwriting that is 95% to 100% legible is easy to read and would likely be graded as A; handwriting that is 85% to 95% legible is satisfactory and would likely be graded as B; and handwriting that is below 85% legible would likely be graded as C by the teachers (Amundson, 1995;Talbert-Johnson et al, 1991). Based on interviews with the participating teachers, the researcher discovered that the lowest handwriting grade given in the school district was a C, which also limited the grades for this study.…”

“…The primary factors that determine legibility are letter formation, spacing, size, slant, horizontal alignment, and general appearance (Daniel & Froude, 1998;Graham et al, 1989;Hamstra-Bletz & Blöte, 1990). Talbert-Johnson, Salva, Sweeney, and Cooper (1991) evaluated the legibility of cursive handwriting and found that easy-to-read handwriting ranged from 95% to 100% legibility (M = 99%) and that difficult-to-read handwriting ranged from 60% to 90% legibility (M = 78%). Cronbach and Meehl (1991) proposed that to improve the construct validity of an assessment, the composition of the tasks must be a heterogenous mix of the construct to be measured.…”

Bitişik Eğik Yazı İle İlgili Olarak Yapılan Araştırmalara Tümdengelimci Bir Bakış

“…Daha derinlemesine yapılan araştırmalar literatürde daha az yer tutmaktadır. Talbert-Johnson, Salva, Sweeney, ve Cooper (1991), Graham ve diğerleri (2008), Bara ve Morin (2013), Trap-Porter, Ann Gladden, Hill ve Cooper (1983, Otto ve Rarick'in (1969) çalışmalarında da olduğu gibi öğretmen ve öğrenci odaklı araştırmaların olduğu görülmektedir.…”