Cutaneous and subcutaneous neuroblastoma in children and adults: Case reports and population study

Metastatic neuroblastoma mimicking infantile hemangioma

“…Although skeletal, lymph node, and bone marrow are the most frequent sites of dissemination, 17% to 25% of infants have cutaneous involvement [10][11][12]. On examination, cutaneous neuroblastoma is mobile and nontender [13,14]. Palpation of metastases can cause prolonged blanching and an erythematous halo secondary to release of catecholamine from the tumor causing local vasoconstriction [14,15].…”

Cutaneous Hematopathology

“…The more recent International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS) takes into account not only the tumor stage but also the molecular and histologic features of the tumor to classify patients into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk disease categories (ASCO 2012 , Cohn et al 2009 ). As reports of primary cutaneous neuroblastoma are rare, generalizations about patient outcome are not available, although adult patients appear to have an unfavorable prognosis with rapid disease progression (Klapman and Chun 1991 ).…”

“…The adrenal gland is the most common primary site for tumor development, but neuroblastoma may develop at any site along the sympathetic nervous system chain Klapman and Chun 1991 ;Van Nguyen and Argenyi 1993 ). Of soft tissue sarcomas, neuroblastoma is one of the most likely to metastasize to the skin; in fact, approximately one-third of patients with congenital neuroblastoma present with cutaneous metastases, and cutaneous metastases are particularly more prevalent in neonates than in any other patient population (Hawthorne et al 1970 ;Kao and Yu 1991 ;Lucky et al 1982 ;Wyatt and Hansen 2000 ).…”

Primary neuroblastoma in the skin of an adult shih tzu dog

“…In humans, neuroblastoma is one of the most common paediatric neoplasms occurring in the adrenal glands and central nervous system. It exhibits occasional metastasis to the skin, resulting in multiple nodules, whereas primary neuroblastoma in the skin is rarely seen 1–3 . In dogs, reports of neuroblastoma are restricted to tumours of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous tissues, including the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia 4–8 .…”