“…1), and is generally characterized as "physical and engineered systems whose operations are monitored, controlled, coordinated, and integrated by a computing and communicating core" (Rajkumar et al, 2010). This paradigm advocates capabilities for collecting data accurately and efficiently, analyzing large amounts of data in real-time, making decisions based on real-time data in an instant and distributed manner, and supporting selfconfiguration and self-adaption (Majstorović et al, 2018). • Industry 4.0 characterizes a new era of industrial revolutions with emphasis on interconnectivity, automation, machine learning, and real-time data analytics (Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0 April, Securing the future of German manufacturing industry Final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group 2013), with the vision of enabling the notion of lot-size of one by addressing current challenges of shortened product lifecycles, growing demand for personalized products, and heightened global competition (Xu, 2012).…”