Cylinder Deactivation for Increased Engine Efficiency and Aftertreatment Thermal Management in Diesel Engines

Ramesh, Aswin K; Gosala, Dheeraj B; Allen, Cody M; Joshi, Mrunal C; McCarthy, James E.; Farrell, Lisa; Koeberlein, Edward; Shaver, Gregory M.

doi:10.4271/2018-01-0384

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Figure 7 illustrates the gas exchange during two-cylinder operation wherein both valve motion and fuel injection are deactivated for cylinders 1, 2, 5 and 6. A detailed discussion and results from three-cylinder operating strategy are outlined in Ramesh et al 25…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse breathing in diesel engines for aftertreatment thermal management

Ramesh

Odstrcil

Gosala

et al. 2018

International Journal of Engine Research

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Approximately 40% of typical heavy-duty vehicle operation occurs at loaded idle during which time conventional diesel engines are unable to maintain aftertreatment component temperatures in a fuel-efficient manner. Fuel economy and thermal management at this condition can be improved via reverse breathing, a novel method in which exhaust gases are recirculated, as needed, from exhaust to intake manifold via one or more cylinders. Resultant airflow reductions increase exhaust gas temperatures and decrease exhaust flow rates, both of which are beneficial for maintaining desirable aftertreatment component temperatures while consuming less fuel via reduced pumping work. Several strategies for implementation of reverse breathing are described in detail and are compared to cylinder deactivation and internal exhaust gas recirculation operation. Experimental data demonstrate 26% fuel consumption savings compared to conventional stay-warm operation, 60 °C improvement in turbine outlet temperature and 28% reduction in exhaust flow compared to conventional best fuel consumption operation at the loaded idle condition (800 r/min, 1.3 bar brake mean effective pressure). The incorporation of reverse breathing to more efficiently maintain desired aftertreatment temperatures during idle conditions is experimentally demonstrated to result in fuel savings of 2% over the heavy-duty federal test procedure drive cycle compared with conventional operation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse breathing in diesel engines for aftertreatment thermal management

Ramesh

Odstrcil

Gosala

et al. 2018

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Ramesh et al demonstrated the thermal management benefit of complex aftertreatment temperature control in a certain system temperature range, which could meet stringent emission regulations. Aftertreatment temperature is a significant consideration to achieve the best conversion efficiency [5]. There are also many researchers who have made efforts to study and optimize the exhaust gas temperature on aftertreatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Aftertreatment Inlet_Outlet Insulation for A Nonroad Middle Range Diesel Engine

2020

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Diesel exhaust aftertreatment systems are required for meeting China StageIV emission regulations. This paper addresses an aftertreatment system designed to meet the China StageIV emission standards for nonroad vehicle markets. It presents a comprehensive experimental research work on aftertreatment skin temperature and the radiated impact on its neighboring parts in a nonroad vehicle powered by a middle range diesel engine under aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation and without insulation with multiple experimental conditions, as well as validating the emission results with these two different aftertreatment configurations. According to the experimental results, it can be observed that the aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation and without insulation using a Diesel Oxidant Catalyst (DOC) + Diesel Particle Filter (DPF) + Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) scheme could both meet China StageIV emission regulations and the whole vehicle arrangement. The connection pipe is generally short between the aftertreatment and the engine turbo charger on nonroad application vehicles, which results in the exhaust gas temperature of the internal aftertreatment at each point being similar, with variation within ±2% for the aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation compared to the aftertreatment inlet/outlet without insulation. The aftertreatment skin temperature differences under these two configurations occur on the inlet module and outlet module, and the skin temperatures of other aftertreatment modules are little impacted. These experimental results also validate the radiation model. All aftertreatment skin temperatures are measured with different experimental conditions. In future, if considering integrating other parts like sensors on the surface of the aftertreatment, the configuration with insulation is recommended. As per the experimental results, the maximum inlet skin temperature can lower nearly 50% with insulation and the maximum outlet temperature could lower about 28% compared to the configuration without inlet/outlet insulation. If taking cost into consideration, the configuration without insulation is suggested. This research also introduces alternative solutions for different concerns for real applications. The methodology provides effective guidance and reference for future aftertreatment insulation considerations for inlet modules and outlet modules on real applications.

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“…Cylinder deactivation (CDA) is one of the means to achieve elevated engine-outlet temperatures in a fuel-efficient manner, at low-load diesel engine operation. 9,12–19 CDA is currently being implemented in production predominantly in gasoline vehicles. Diesel engine CDA is being investigated; however, as of 2018, there are no production system applications in ground vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel-efficient thermal management in diesel engines via valvetrain-enabled cylinder ventilation strategies

Gosala

Shaver

McCarthy

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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Modern diesel engine aftertreatment systems require elevated temperatures for effective reduction of engine-out emissions. Maintaining elevated aftertreatment temperatures in a fuel-efficient manner is a challenge, especially at low-load engine operation where engine-outlet temperatures are low; therefore, higher engine-outlet temperatures are typically achieved via increased fuel consumption. Previous studies have demonstrated that strategies such as cylinder deactivation (method where there is neither valve motion nor fuel injection in a subset of cylinders, thereby isolating the deactivated cylinders from the gas exchange process) and cylinder cutout (method where there is no fuel injection in a subset of cylinders, implemented with high recirculated gas rates) reduce fuel consumption while elevating engine-outlet temperatures, by reducing the overall airflow through the engine. This article introduces and characterizes “non-fired cylinder ventilation” as alternate means to achieve fuel-efficient aftertreatment thermal management, by reduction of overall airflow through the engine. Fuel injection is deactivated from a subset of cylinders during non-fired cylinder ventilation, and the non-firing cylinders participate in the gas exchange process with the same manifold at a time, thereby reducing the intake-to-exhaust manifold gas exchange through the cylinders. It is demonstrated that non-fired cylinder ventilation shows similar fuel efficiency and thermal management as cylinder deactivation when the valves of the non-firing ventilated cylinders are open by at least 4 mm, due to similar, negligible, gas-exchange losses, while non-fired cylinder ventilation with lower valve lifts enables elevated engine-outlet temperatures with relatively higher fuel consumption than cylinder deactivation. Non-fired cylinder ventilation strategies demonstrate 75 °C higher temperatures at fuel-neutral conditions, and up to 35% fuel savings at similar temperatures, compared to six-cylinder operation.

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Cylinder Deactivation for Increased Engine Efficiency and Aftertreatment Thermal Management in Diesel Engines

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

Reverse breathing in diesel engines for aftertreatment thermal management

Reverse breathing in diesel engines for aftertreatment thermal management

Research on Aftertreatment Inlet_Outlet Insulation for A Nonroad Middle Range Diesel Engine

Fuel-efficient thermal management in diesel engines via valvetrain-enabled cylinder ventilation strategies

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