Cytochemical Detection of Cancer: A Review

Bitensky, Lucille; Chayen, J.; Husain, O. A. N.

doi:10.1177/014107688407700813

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The enzyme is the regulatory enzyme of the pentose-phosphate shunt, which provides ribose for the synthesis of nucleic acids and NADPH for biosynthetic mechanisms and has been, therefore, studied in cancer (22). It has recently been shown that when neotetrazolium chloride is used as an indicator of the activity, oxygen competes with the neotetrazolium and eliminates the reaction in normal cells, whereas a considerable range of human malignant cell types is resistant to this effect and shows activity (22,44). In view of the paucity of specific markers for new cell populations and lesions in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis (45), the activity of this enzyme in an atmosphere of oxygen warrants further investigation in the rodent hepatic tumor model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Foci of Cellular and Enzymatic Alteration and Nodules in Rats Treated With Clofibrate or Diethylnitrosamine Followed by Phenobarbital: Their Rate of Onset and Their Reversibility

1986

JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute

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The histologic appearance and cytochemical characteristics of foci of hepatic cellular alteration, hepatic nodules, and hepatocellular carcinomas occurring in male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with the hypolipidemic agent clofibrate (CAS: 637-07-0), with phenobarbital (CAS: 50-06-6), or with diethylnitrosamine [(DENA) CAS: 55-18-5) followed by phenobarbital were studied after treatment periods from 1 month to 2 years. Rats treated with clofibrate revealed foci of cellular alteration that were more often basophilic and occurred slightly sooner (wk 42) than those in untreated controls (wk 60). Of 36 rats that had received 68 or more weeks of continuous clofibrate, 19 had hepatic nodules. Of the 11 nodules examined cytochemically, none was ,,-glutamyltransferase (oy-GT) positive and 2 were positive to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) under oxygen. In rats withdrawn from clofibrate for 16-18 weeks after 68-95 weeks of clofibrate, 0 of 14 had nodules. In several of these rats zones of hepatic scarring were observed, suggesting the reversibility of the nodules. Phenobarbital alone had little effect on the incidence of foci of cellular alteration, although the number of ,,-GT-positive foci was increased. DENA followed by phenobarbital led to the early appearance of foci of cellular alteration (from wk 4), of nodules (from wk 13), and of hepatocellular carcinomas (from wk 26). I'-GT activity was raised in most of these nodules and carcinomas, while G-6-PD activity was raised in only 3 of 9 nodules but in all 9 carcinomas examined. DENA-phenobarbital given for 13 or 26 weeks followed by withdrawal of phenobarbital for 28 and 26 weeks, respectively, produced an essentially similar pattern of lesions. In view of the growing recognition of the nonspecificity ,,-GT as a marker of carcinogen-initiated foci, the value of G-6-PD (under oxygen) as a marker merits further investigation.-JNCI 1986; 76:475-484.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Foci of Cellular and Enzymatic Alteration and Nodules in Rats Treated With Clofibrate or Diethylnitrosamine Followed by Phenobarbital: Their Rate of Onset and Their Reversibility

1986

JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute

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“…He continued an involvement with automation throughout his career . In the 1980s, he evaluated the performance of the Cerviscan experimental automated cytology prescreening system on cervical scrape specimens prepared by a suspension‐polylysine‐haematoxylin preparation method and worked on Feulgen hydrolysis as a potential tool for detecting malignancy, at the same time testing cytochemical and immunocytochemical means of detecting cancer . At that time, this included human milk fat globule (HMFG)‐1 and 2, Ca1 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) staining .…”

Section: Cytology Automation and Cell Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasseem Husain: homage to a pioneer of cytology automation

Kocjan

Herbert

2015

Cytopathology

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This tribute to Dr Husain highlights his valuable contribution to the evolving discipline of cytology and the introduction of automation into cytology processes. Additionally, it gives a fascinating insight into cytology developments from the early 1970 ' s not just in automation but with respect to education , training, quality control methods and organised cervical screening in the UK. This study used mathematical modelling to determine the impact on sample adequacy of limiting the number of FNA passes. Analytical formulae were developed for the expected per-case success and expected number of samples for sampling with a limit using ROSE. Under typical sampling conditions for FNAC, sampling limits have relatively little impact on the per-case probability of success and reduce the expected number of needle passes.

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