Cytotoxic and genotoxic assessment of tungsten oxide nanoparticles in Allium cepa cells by Allium ana-telophase and comet assays

Liman, Recep; Başbuğ, Bermal; Ali, Muhammad Muddassir; Açıkbaş, Yaser; Çiğerci, İbrahim Hakkı

doi:10.1007/s13353-020-00608-x

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although the frequency of aberrant ana-telophases in the apical meristem of A. cepa (2.2-5.0 %), registered by us, exceeds the negative control -water (3.2 %), it is within the control indices of frequencies in other studies -2.26 % (Karaismailoglu MC, 2014) and 6.8 % (Liman R et al, 2021). And the frequencies of chromo-somal aberrations and nuclear anomalies were much higher in plants, infected by genotoxic phytopathogen Botrytis allii (10.43-14.74 %) (Bonciu E et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Plant growth regulatory activity in the phytopathogenic fungus Plectosphaerella melonis strain 502

Tsekhmister¹,

Kyslynska²,

Кopilov³

et al. 2021

Agric. sci. pract.

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Aim. To investigate the ability of our phytopathogenic fungal strain 502, earlier preliminarily identified as the phytopathogen Plectosphaerella melonis (syn. Acremonium cucurbitacearum), to have phytotoxic and/or plant growth regulatory activity. Methods. The phytotoxicity of strain 502, was studied by bioassays using the test cultures of corn (Zea mays L.), garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and onion (Allium cepa L.). The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the fungus were estimated using the Allium cepa-test. The mitotic index of the, the duration of mitosis phases, and the frequency of aberrant ana-telophases of Allium cepa L. roots meristem was also investigated. For this purpose, strain 502, was grown in the following culture media: synthetic Raulin-Thom medium for 10 days at 26 ± 2 °С. Cell-free filtrate (culture fluid) was used for the study. Ethylene production was quantified in culture filtrate using gas-chromatography meth- od. Ethylene measurement was performed every 7 days during 8 weeks. The determination was carried out using a gas chromatograph «Agilent Technologies 6850» (USA) fitted with a flame ionization detector, using commercial ethylene as a standard for identification and quantification Every experiment had three repeats. The reliability of experimental data was assessed by statistical methods using Statistica 12 (Stat-Soft Inc., USA). Results. Undiluted culture fluid (obtained by growing the fungus on liquid wort) of our strain 502 inhibited the growth of Z. mays seedlings by 14 %, L. sativum seedlings by 18 % (1 : 100 dilution) and stimulated the growth of L. sativum roots by 54 and 41 % (1 : 10 and 1 : 100 dilutions, respectively). The culture fluid, obtained by growing the fungus on Raulin-Thom’s synthetic agar, demonstrated a slight inhibitory effect on the seedlings and roots of L. sativum, and at the dilution of 1 : 1000 stimulated growth by 30 %. Insignificant changes in the mitotic index of the meristem of A. cepa roots were revealed at the effect of the culture fluid of P. melonis, strain 502, diluted at the ratio of 1 : 100 and 1 : 1000. At the same time, the number of cells at the prophase stage decreased 1.7 times (1 : 100 dilution). There is a significant increase in the number of cells at the metaphase stage – 1.3 and 1.4 times (dilution 1 : 100 and 1 : 1000, respectively), the anaphase stage – 2.1 and 1.8 times (dilution 1 : 100 and 1 : 1000, respectively) and the telophase stage – 1.8 times (1 : 100 dilution), as compared with the positive control (culture medium). The frequencies of aberrant ana-telophases in the apical meristems of the initial roots were 5.0 and 2.2 % (at the culture fluid dilution of 1 : 100 and 1 : 1000, respectively). We researched the abil- ity of P. melonis 502 to synthesize ethylene and the highest level of it was registered after 5 weeks of cultivation (111.78 nmol/h g). Conclusions: It was demonstrated by us that the culture fluid of strain 502 showed no phytotoxic effect on roots and seedlings of the investigated cultures, demonstrating the exclusion of phytotoxins from the possible range of effectors. No cytotoxic or genotoxic activity of the culture fluid was observed either. However, the culture fluid altered the dynamics of the cell cycle, in particular, shortened the prophase and stimulated the metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The culture fluid of the fungus stimulated the growth of L. sativum roots depending on the nutrient medium, where the fungus was grown and cultivated. In particular, when growing the fungus on the liquid wort, the growth was higher by 54 and 41 % (dilution 1 : 10 and 1 : 100, respectively), when growing on synthetic Raulin-Thom’s medium – by 30 %. This demonstrates the ability of strain 502 to possibly synthesize growth promoting substances. Also, we have shown the ability of this strain to synthetize ethylene in vitro (111.78 ± 13.27 nmol/h per g), which can act as virulence factor. We consider the obtained results to be the first stage of the study on the mechanism of the interaction between pathogenic strain 502 and plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Plant growth regulatory activity in the phytopathogenic fungus Plectosphaerella melonis strain 502

Tsekhmister¹,

Kyslynska²,

Кopilov³

et al. 2021

Agric. sci. pract.

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“…A total of 50 nuclei were randomly counted from each slide per each concentration and scored from 0 to 4 depending on the level of DNA damage (0 = no damage, 1 = mild damage, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe, 4 = complete DNA damage). Three slides were made from each experiment [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Oxidative Stress of Dibutyl Phthalate on Cultured Bovine Peripheral Lymphocytes

Ali

Sahar

Firyal

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Recently, there have been numerous reports showing that phthalates have negative human health impacts and may cause several diseases such as asthma, breast cancer, obesity, type II diabetes, and male infertility. Animals are also exposed to phthalates through the environment and can cause adverse health effects on them. Several studies have been found on the cytogenetic effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on different organisms but no documented evidence has been found on the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on bovine cultured lymphocytes. MTT assay was performed on different series of DBP concentrations (10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM, 50 μM, 70 μM, 100 μM). A concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability was observed by the DBP. The LD50, LD50/2, and 2 ∗ LD50 were found to be 50 μM, 30 μM, and 80 μM on bovine lymphocytes, respectively. Then, these concentrations of DBP were utilized to perform comet, micronucleus assays, and oxidative stress. A concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage, oxidative stress, and micronuclei formation was observed in lymphocytes by the DBP as compared to the control group. Highest genotoxic effects were observed at a concentration of 2 ∗ LD50. Similarly, total oxidative stress was found higher, and antioxidative stress was lower in concentration-dependent manner by the DBP. The current study revealed a significant cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress of DBP on cultured bovine lymphocytes.

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“…Further, the cytogenetic abnormalities of mitotic phases can be easily observed using optical microscopy as well as rapid and cost-effective assays that can be developed using root culture ( Tedesco and Laughinghouse IV, 2012 ). Therefore, numerous studies have used A. cepa -based assays to test the genotoxicity of nanoparticles ( Kumari et al, 2011 ; Pesnya, 2013 ; Saha and Gupta, 2017 ; Scherer et al, 2019 ; Liman et al, 2021 ). Collectively, these previous investigations indicate that spontaneous reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation occurs following cellular internalization of various types of nanoparticles, resulting in lipid peroxidation that leads to a decrease in the mitotic index and the triggering of chromosomal abnormalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Genotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles With Protein Corona in Allium cepa

Arya

Rookes

Cahill

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Increased usage of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in biomedicine, biosensing, diagnostics and cosmetics has undoubtedly facilitated accidental and unintentional release of AuNPs into specific microenvironments. This is raising serious questions concerning adverse effects of AuNPs on off-target cells, tissues and/or organisms. Applications utilizing AuNPs will typically expose the nanoparticles to biological fluids such as cell serum and/or culture media, resulting in the formation of protein corona (PC) on the AuNPs. Evidence for PC altering the toxicological signatures of AuNPs is well studied in animal systems. In this report, we observed significant genotoxicity in Allium cepa root meristematic cells (an off-target bioindicator) treated with high concentrations (≥100 µg/ml) of green-synthesized vanillin capped gold nanoparticles (VAuNPs). In contrast, protein-coated VAuNPs (PC-VAuNPs) of similar concentrations had negligible genotoxic effects. This could be attributed to the change in physicochemical characteristics due to surface functionalization of proteins on VAuNPs and/or differential bioaccumulation of gold ions in root cells. High elemental gold accumulation was evident from µ-XRF mapping in VAuNPs-treated roots compared to treatment with PC-VAuNPs. These data infer that the toxicological signatures of AuNPs are influenced by the biological route that they follow to reach off-target organisms such as plants. Hence, the current findings highlight the genotoxic risk associated with AuNPs, which, due to the enhanced utility, are emerging as new pollutants. As conflicting observations on the toxicity of green-synthesized AuNPs are increasingly reported, we recommend that detailed studies are required to investigate the changes in the toxicological signatures of AuNPs, particularly before and after their interaction with biological media and systems.

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Cytotoxic and genotoxic assessment of tungsten oxide nanoparticles in Allium cepa cells by Allium ana-telophase and comet assays

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Plant growth regulatory activity in the phytopathogenic fungus Plectosphaerella melonis strain 502

Plant growth regulatory activity in the phytopathogenic fungus Plectosphaerella melonis strain 502

Assessment of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Oxidative Stress of Dibutyl Phthalate on Cultured Bovine Peripheral Lymphocytes

Reduced Genotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles With Protein Corona in Allium cepa

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