Cytotoxic effects of different self-adhesive resin cements: Cell viability and induction of apoptosis

Abstract

PURPOSE. The effects of four different self-adhesive resin cement materials on cell viability and apoptosis after direct and indirect exposure were evaluated using different cell culture techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Self-adhesive cements were applied to NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts by the extract test method, cell culture inserts, and dentin barrier test method. After exposure periods of 24 h and 72 h, the cytotoxicity of these self-adhesive materials was evaluated using the MTT assay (viability) and the Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining (apoptosis). RESULTS. The lowest cell viability was found in cells exposed to BeautiCem SA for 24 h in the extract test method. Cell viability was reduced to 70.6% compared to negative controls. After the 72 h exposure period, viability rate of cell cultures exposed to BeautiCem SA decreased more than 2-fold (29.5%) while cells exposed to RelyX U200 showed the highest viability rate of 71.4%. In the dentin barrier test method, BeautiCem SA induced the highest number of cells in apoptosis after a 24 h exposure (4.1%). Panavia SA Cement Plus was the material that caused the lowest number of cells in apoptosis (1.5%). CONCLUSION. The used self-adhesive cements have showed different cytotoxic effects based on the evaluation method. As exposure time increased, the materials showed more cytotoxic and apoptotic effects. BeautiCem SA caused significantly more severe cytotoxic and apoptotic effects than other cements tested. Moreover, cements other than BeautiCem SA have caused necrotic cell death rather than apoptotic cell death.

Cytotoxicity Comparison of a Calcium Silicate-Based Resin Cement versus Conventional Self-Adhesive Resin Cement and a Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer: Cell Viability Analysis

“…Regarding the cement type, our findings are inconsistent with the results of a study conducted by Sismanoglu et al [21]. They assessed the cytotoxicity level of four self-adhesive cements, including Considering the relation between the time and the cytotoxicity level, we found no association between the time and cytotoxicity level after 48 h. However, some previous studies have reported the opposite; the cytotoxicity level of different cements has increased significantly after 72 h [21,22]. Therefore, one possible explanation might be that those studies have used longer periods for the extraction process.…”

“…Three factors are associated with the cytotoxicity level of cements; first, cement acidity induces cell apoptosis by increasing the activity of caspase. Second, the time duration which cement remains acidic, and third, the amount of monomers and unreacted components in the cement [21]. Accordingly, TheraCem PH increases in the first 24 h due to the formation of calcium hydroxide, which decreases the cement acidity in the Pesqui.…”

Effects of calcium silicate‐based cements on odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential in mesenchymal stem cells

“…In the present study, TGSCs were used to evaluate the biocompatibility and odonto/osteogenic potential of different calcium silicate-based materials via cell proliferation assay, ALP activity and odonto/osteogenic gene expression analysis using the extract test method. The extract test method is recommended by International Standard ISO 10993-5 and is often preferred in studies examining the biocompatibility of dental materials (3,10,13,14,15). Therefore, it was preferred in the current study because both the tested materials can inhibit cell growth when in direct contact with the cells and components leaching from them can result in tissue reactions (16).…”

Effect of two different materials in sealing vertical root fractures of intentional replantation on epithelial thickness of periradicular tissue

“…These free monomers have the potential to cause pulp injury and prevent a proper tissue healing process. 26…”