Cytotoxic effects of new MTA-based cement formulations on fibroblast-like MDPL-20 cells

Abstract

The present study aimed at evaluating the cytotoxic effects of a novel cement called CER on periodontal fibroblast-like cells of mice , in comparison with different formulations of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), by means of the cell viability test (MTT) and cell morphology analysis. Thirty-two round-shaped samples were fabricated with the following cements: white MTA, white and gray CER and experimental white MTA. The samples were immersed in serum-free culture medium for 24 hours or 7 days (n = 16). The extracts (culture medium + components released from the cements) were applied for 24 hours to previously cultured cells (40.000 cells/cm 2 ) in the wells of 24-well plates. Cells seeded in complete culture medium were used as a negative control. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Two samples of each cement were used for cell morphology analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The extracts obtained at the 7-day period presented higher cytotoxicity compared with the 24-hour period (p < 0.05). The gray CER obtained at 24 hours presented the highest cytotoxic effect, whereas the experimental white MTA presented the lowest, similar to the control (p > 0.05). However, at the 7-day period, the experimental white MTA presented no significant difference in comparison with the other cements (p > 0.05). At the 7-day period, CER cement presented cytotoxic effects on fibroblast-like cells, similar to different MTA formulations. However, the immersion period in the culture medium influenced the cytotoxicity of the cements, which was greater for CER cement at 24 hours.

Biocompatibility of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with TiO2 Nanoparticles on Human Gingival Fibroblasts

“…The most important requirement for better efficacy of biomaterials like MTA is their biocompatibility with the host tissue upon implantation ( 13 , 14 ). The clinical success of a biomaterial depends upon the ability to produce the required effect of cellular or tissue response ( 15 , 22 ).…”

“…This tissue is continuous with the gingival connective tissue and consists of fibroblasts that are the principal cells producing and forming collagen fibers and mesenchymal cells with the capacity to differentiate into cementoblasts and osteoblasts. Therefore, the primary gingival fibroblasts are appropriate for the evaluation of the toxicity of this material ( 13 , 23 , 24 ). On the other hand, fibroblasts are the most abundant cells of the pulp and periodontal ligament connective tissue ( 1 ); therefore, during procedures such as vital pulp therapy, apexification and during their use as a retrofilling materials during apicoectomy procedures, MTA comes into contact with these cells.…”

“…However, new compositions of MTA or use of various additives might affect MTA’s ideal characteristics, which should be supported by comprehensive investigations. During vital pulp therapy, perforation repair and retrograde filling, the cytotoxicity of the material used might influence the viability of periradicular cells, resulting in cell death by apoptosis or necrosis ( 1 , 13 ). Therefore, it is important to avoid dental materials that are toxic to the pulpal and periapical cells.…”

In Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

“…The biocompatibility of MTA alone has been reported to be favourable with dental pulp and fibroblast cells in previous literature. 13,14 The cytotoxic reactions that occur in the host tissues with the addition of these nanoparticles needs to be evaluated. The cytotoxicity of the experimental groups was analysed using the MTT assay.…”

Influence of the Vehicle on the Tissue Reaction and Biomineralization of Fast Endodontic Cement

“…In a previous study, Garcia et al [16] investigated the cytotoxic effects of the CER on fibroblast-like MDPL-20 cells and found that at the 24-hour period, the CER cement presented the highest cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast-like cells when compared to conventional white MTA; however, at the 7-day period, the cytotoxicity of CER decreased and reached similar parameters to that of the white MTA. Since this was an in vitro study, new studies are needed to analyze these new MTA-based cement formulations.…”